I-Phenol iyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ye-organic amakhemikhali eluhlaza enezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo.Izindlela zayo zokukhiqiza ezentengiselwano zinentshisekelo enkulu kubacwaningi nabakhiqizi.Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokukhiqiza ukuhweba kwe-phenol, okuyizi: inqubo ye-cumene kanye nenqubo ye-cresol.

Inqubo ye-cumene iyindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu yokukhiqiza ezohwebo ye-phenol.Kubandakanya ukusabela kwe-cumene nge-benzene phambi kwe-acid catalyst ukukhiqiza i-cumene hydroperoxide.I-hydroperoxide bese isabela ngesisekelo esiqinile njenge-sodium hydroxide ukuze ikhiqizephenolkanye ne-acetone.Inzuzo eyinhloko yale nqubo ukuthi isebenzisa izinto zokusetshenziswa ezingabizi kakhulu futhi izimo zokusabela zimnene, okwenza isebenze kahle futhi kulula ukuyilawula.Ngakho-ke, inqubo ye-cumene isetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni i-phenol.

Inqubo ye-cresol iyindlela engavamile yokukhiqiza yezohwebo ye-phenol.Kubandakanya ukusabela kwe-toluene nge-methanol lapho kukhona i-acid catalyst ukukhiqiza i-cresol.I-cresol ibe i-hydrogenated phambi kwe-catalyst efana ne-platinum noma i-palladium ukukhiqiza i-phenol.Inzuzo eyinhloko yale nqubo ukuthi isebenzisa izinto zokusetshenziswa ezingabizi kakhulu futhi izimo zokusabela zilula, kodwa inqubo iyinkimbinkimbi futhi idinga imishini nezinyathelo ezengeziwe.Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo ye-cresol ikhiqiza inani elikhulu lemikhiqizo, okunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwezomnotho.Ngakho-ke, le ndlela ayivamile ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni i-phenol.

Kafushane, kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokukhiqizwa kwezentengiselwano kwe-phenol: inqubo ye-cumene kanye nenqubo ye-cresol.Inqubo ye-cumene isetshenziswa kakhulu ngoba isebenzisa izinto zokusetshenziswa ezingabizi, inezimo zokusabela ezithambile, futhi kulula ukuyilawula.Inqubo ye-cresol ayisetshenziswa kakhulu ngoba idinga amathuluzi nezinyathelo eziningi, inenqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, futhi ikhiqiza inani elikhulu lemikhiqizo ekhiqizwayo, enciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwayo kwezomnotho.Ngokuzayo, ubuchwepheshe obusha nezinqubo zingathuthukiswa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle nokunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza, kuvule amathuba amasha okukhiqizwa kwezentengiselwano kwe-phenol.