I-Phenol iyinto ebaluleke kakhulu yamakhemikhali yamakhemikhali e-organic ahlukahlukene ahlukahlukene. Izindlela zalo zokukhiqiza ezentengiso zithakazelisa kakhulu abacwaningi nabenzi. Kunezindlela ezimbili eziphambili zokukhiqizwa kwezentengiso ze-phenol, okuyi: inqubo ye-Cumene kanye nenqubo ye-cresol.

Inqubo yeCumene iyindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu yokukhiqiza ye-phenol. Kubandakanya ukusabela kukaCumene noBenzene phambi kwe-catalyst ye-acid ukukhiqiza iCumene Hydroperoxide. I-hydropoxide bese iphendulwa ngesisekelo esinamandla njenge-sodium hydroxide ukukhiqizaipheshelweshine-acetone. Inzuzo eyinhloko yale nqubo ukuthi isebenzisa izinto ezingabizi kakhulu ezingabizi kakhulu futhi izimo zokuphendula zimnene, zikwenza kahle futhi kube lula ukulawula. Ngakho-ke, inqubo yeCumene isetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizweni kwe-phenol.

Inqubo ye-cresol iyindlela yokukhiqiza esetshenziswa kancane ye-phenol. Kubandakanya ukusabela kweTolune ne-methanol phambi kwe-catalyst ye-acid ukukhiqiza i-cresol. I-cresol isenziwa nge-hydrogenated phambi kwe-catalyst efana neplatinamu noma i-palladium ukukhiqiza i-phenol. Inzuzo eyinhloko yale nqubo ukuthi isebenzisa izinto ezingabizi kakhulu ezingabizi kakhulu futhi izimo zokuphendula ziyinkimbinkimbi, kepha inqubo iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi idinga imishini nezinyathelo eziningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo ye-Cresol ikhiqiza inani elikhulu lemikhiqizo eyenziwe yimikhiqizo, enciphisa ukusebenza kwayo kwezomnotho. Ngakho-ke, le ndlela ayivame ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwe-phenol.

Ngamafuphi, kunezindlela ezimbili eziphambili zokukhiqizwa kwezentengiso ze-phenol: inqubo ye-Cumene kanye nenqubo ye-cresol. Inqubo ye-Cumene isetshenziswa kabanzi ngoba isebenzisa izinto ezingabizi kakhulu eziluhlaza, inezimo zokusabela ezimnene, futhi kulula ukuyilawula. Inqubo ye-cresol ayisetshenziswa kangako ngoba idinga imishini nezinyathelo eziningi, inenqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, futhi ikhiqize inani elikhulu lemikhiqizo, inciphisa ukusebenza kwayo kwezomnotho. Esikhathini esizayo, ubuchwepheshe obusha nezinqubo bungasungulwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle futhi kunciphise izindleko zokukhiqiza, ukuvula amathuba amasha okukhiqizwa kwezentengiso kwe-phenol.