Amanani ezimakethe zamakhemikhali aqhubekile nokwehla cishe isigamu sonyaka.Ukwehla okunjalo okuhlala isikhathi eside, kuyilapho amanani kawoyela elokhu ephezulu, kubangele ukungalingani kwenani lezixhumanisi eziningi ochungechungeni lwemboni yamakhemikhali.Uma amatheminali engeziwe ochungechungeni lwezimboni, ingcindezi enkulu ezindlekweni zochungechunge lwezimboni.Ngakho-ke, imikhiqizo eminingi yamakhemikhali njengamanje isesimweni sezindleko eziphezulu kodwa imakethe yabathengi evilaphayo, okuholela ekukhiqizeni umnotho ompofu wemikhiqizo eminingi yamakhemikhali.
Intengo yemakethe ye-vinyl acetate nayo iqhubekile nokwehla.Eminyakeni yakamuva, intengo yemakethe ye-vinyl acetate yehle isuka ku-14862 yuan/ton ngoJuni 2022 yaya kuJuni 2023, ilokhu yehla cishe isikhathi esingangonyaka, kanti intengo ephansi yehla yaya ku-5990 yuan/ton.Kusukela kuzitayela zentengo zeminyaka embalwa edlule, intengo ephansi kakhulu emlandweni yavela ngo-April 2020, intengo ephansi kakhulu yabonakala ku-5115 yuan/ton, inani eliphakeme kakhulu lavela ngoNovemba 2021, futhi inani eliphakeme kakhulu lavela ku-16727 yuan/ton.

Nakuba intengo ye-vinyl acetate iye yehla unyaka olandelanayo, inzuzo yokukhiqiza ye-vinyl acetate ihlala iphezulu futhi umnotho wokukhiqiza muhle.Kungani i-vinyl acetate ingagcina izinga eliphezulu lokuchuma?
Izinqubo ezihlukene zokukhiqiza ze-vinyl acetate ziphumela enzuzweni nasekulahlekeni okuhlukahlukene
Ngokusho koshintsho lwezinga lenzuzo ye-vinyl acetate ekhiqizwa indlela ye-ethylene, izinga lenzuzo ye-vinyl acetate ekhiqizwa indlela ye-ethylene ibilokhu isesimweni esinenzuzo eminyakeni embalwa edlule, izinga eliphezulu lenzuzo lifinyelele ku-50% noma ngaphezulu, futhi isilinganiso sezinga lenzuzo singaba ngu-15%.Kungabonakala ukuthi i-ethylene based vinyl acetate ibe umkhiqizo onenzuzo uma kuqhathaniswa eminyakeni emibili edlule, onokuchuma okuhle okuphelele kanye namamajini enzuzo azinzile.

Ngokombono wendlela ye-calcium carbide vinyl acetate, eminyakeni emibili edlule, ngaphandle kwenzuzo enkulu kusukela ngoMashi 2022 kuya kuJulayi 2022, zonke ezinye izikhathi bezisesimweni sokulahlekelwa.Kusukela ngo-June 2023, izinga lemajini lenzuzo lendlela ye-calcium carbide i-vinyl acetate lalicishe libe ngu-20% wokulahlekelwa, futhi isilinganiso sesilinganiso senzuzo sendlela ye-calcium carbide vinyl acetate eminyakeni emibili edlule ibe ukulahlekelwa okungu-0.2%.Kungabonakala ukuthi ukuchuma kwendlela ye-calcium carbide ye-vinyl acetate impofu, futhi isimo sonke sibonisa ukulahlekelwa.

Kungabonakala ukuthi akuyona into evamile ukuthi i-vinyl acetate ibe sezingeni eliphezulu lenzuzo.Indlela ye-ethylene kuphela yokukhiqiza i-acetate ye-vinyl okwamanje isesimweni esinenzuzo, kuyilapho indlela ye-carbide ibilokhu isesimweni sokulahlekelwa eminyakeni embalwa edlule.
Ukuhlaziywa kokugcina inzuzo ephezulu yokukhiqizwa kwe-ethylene esekelwe ku-vinyl acetate
1. Ingxenye yezindleko zempahla eluhlaza iyahlukahluka ezinqubweni ezihlukene zokukhiqiza.Emkhiqizweni we-vinyl acetate esekelwe ku-ethylene, ukusetshenziswa kweyunithi ye-ethylene ngu-0.35 kanti ukusetshenziswa kweyunithi ye-glacial acetic acid ngu-0.72.Ngokwezinga lentengo elimaphakathi ngoJuni 2023, ingxenye ye-ethylene ekukhiqizweni kwe-vinyl acetate e-ethylene icishe ibe ngu-37%, kuyilapho i-glacial acetic acid ingama-45%.Ngakho-ke, ukuguquguquka kwentengo ye-glacial acetic acid kunomthelela omkhulu ekushintsheni kwezindleko zokukhiqizwa kwe-vinyl acetate e-ethylene, okulandelwa yi-ethylene.
Ngokuqondene nezindleko zendlela ye-calcium carbide ye-vinyl acetate, i-calcium carbide ibalelwa ku-47% wezindleko zendlela ye-calcium carbide ye-vinyl acetate, futhi i-glacial acetic acid ilandisa cishe ngama-35% wezindleko zendlela ye-calcium carbide ye-vinyl acetate.Ngakho-ke, endleleni ye-calcium carbide ye-vinyl acetate, ukuguqulwa kwentengo ye-calcium carbide kunomthelela omkhulu ezindlekweni, ezihluke kakhulu kumthelela wezindleko zendlela ye-ethylene.
2. Ukwehla okuphawulekayo kwezinto ezingavuthiwe i-ethylene kanye ne-glacial acetic acid kuholele ekwehleni okukhulu kwezindleko.Ngokusho kwedatha efanele, ngonyaka odlule, intengo ye-CFR Northeast Asia ethylene yehle ngo-33%, futhi intengo ye-glacial acetic acid yehle ngo-32%.Kodwa-ke, izindleko zokukhiqiza i-vinyl acetate usebenzisa indlela ye-calcium carbide inqunyelwe kakhulu inani le-calcium carbide.Ngonyaka odlule, intengo ye-calcium carbide yehle ngo-25%.
Ngakho-ke, ngokombono wezinqubo ezimbili ezihlukene zokukhiqiza, izindleko zempahla eluhlaza ye-ethylene indlela ye-vinyl acetate yehle kakhulu, futhi ukuncipha kwezindleko kukhulu kunendlela ye-calcium carbide.

3. Nakuba intengo ye-vinyl acetate yehlile, ukwehla akubalulekile njengamanye amakhemikhali.Ngonyaka odlule, intengo ye-vinyl acetate yehle ngo-59%, okubonakala sengathi iyancipha kakhulu, kodwa intengo yamanye amakhemikhali yehle nakakhulu.
I-Vinyl acetate ibilokhu igcina imajini yenzuzo ethile, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokwehliswa kwezindleko okubangelwa ukwehla kwamanani ezinto ezingavuthiwe, kunokusekelwa imakethe yabathengi ngamanani ayo.Lesi futhi isimo samanje sokudluliswa kwenani kuchungechunge lwemboni ye-vinyl acetate.Kusukela esimweni samanje semakethe yamakhemikhali yaseShayina esikhathini esifushane, kunzima ukuguqula ngokuyisisekelo isimo esibuthakathaka semakethe yamakhemikhali yaseShayina ngaphandle kwezinqubomgomo ezinkulu zokuvuselela imakethe yabathengi.Kulindeleke ukuthi i-value chain ye-vinyl acetate iqhubeke nokugcina i-logic yokudlulisela ephansi, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi inzuzo yokukhiqiza esikhathini esizayo emakethe yabathengi, ikakhulukazi imikhiqizo ye-polyethylene ne-EV, izogcinwa ngokunciphisa inzuzo ye-vinyl. i-acetate.