I-Polyethylene inezinhlobo zemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ngokusekelwe ezindleleni ze-polymerization, amazinga esisindo samangqamuzana, kanye nezinga le-branching.Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zifaka i-polyethylene ephezulu-density (HDPE), i-low-density polyethylene (LDPE), kanye ne-linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE).
I-polyethylene ayinaphunga, ayinabo ubuthi, izwakala njengengcina, inokumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu, ukuzinza okuhle kwamakhemikhali, futhi ingamelana nokuguguleka kwama-acid amaningi nama-alkali.I-polyethylene ingacutshungulwa kusetshenziswa i-injection molding, i-extrusion molding, i-blow molding, nezinye izindlela zokukhiqiza imikhiqizo efana namafilimu, amapayipi, izintambo nezintambo, izitsha ezingenalutho, amateyipu okupakisha nezibopho, izintambo, amanetha ezinhlanzi, nemicu elukiwe.
Umnotho womhlaba kulindeleke ukuthi wehle.Ngokumelene nesizinda se-inflation ephezulu, ukusetshenziswa kubuthakathaka futhi isidingo siyancipha.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Federal Reserve iyaqhubeka nokukhuphula izinga lenzalo, inqubomgomo yezimali iyaqiniswa, futhi izintengo zempahla zingaphansi kwengcindezi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxabano yaseRussia-Ukraine iyaqhubeka futhi ithemba alikacaci.Intengo kawoyela ongahluziwe iqinile, futhi izindleko zemikhiqizo ye-PE zisaphezulu.Eminyakeni yamuva nje, imikhiqizo ye-PE ibe sesikhathini sokukhula okuqhubekayo nokusheshayo kwamandla okukhiqiza, futhi amabhizinisi emikhiqizo esezingeni eliphansi abambezelekile ukulandela ama-oda.Ukungqubuzana kwesidingo sokuhlinzekwa kwempahla sekungenye yezinkinga ezinkulu ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni ye-PE kulesi sigaba.
Ukuhlaziywa kanye Nokubikezelwa Kokunikezwa Kwe-Polyethylene Yomhlaba kanye Nesidingo
Amandla okukhiqiza i-polyethylene emhlabeni ayaqhubeka nokukhula.Ngo-2022, amandla okukhiqiza i-polyethylene emhlabeni adlula amathani ayizigidi eziyi-140 ngonyaka, okuwukukhuphuka konyaka ngo-6.1%, nokukhuphuka konyaka ngonyaka ngo-2.1% ekukhiqizeni.Isilinganiso sokusebenza kwalolu phiko sibe ngama-83.1%, ukwehla ngamaphesenti angama-3.6 uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule.
I-Northeast Asia yenza ingxenye enkulu yomhlaba wonke yokukhiqiza i-polyethylene, ibalwa ku-30.6% wengqikithi yokukhiqiza i-polyethylene ngo-2022, ilandelwa yiNyakatho Melika kanye neMpumalanga Ephakathi, ibalwa ku-22.2% kanye no-16.4% ngokulandelana.
Cishe u-47% womthamo wokukhiqiza we-polyethylene emhlabeni ugxile emabhizinisini ayishumi aphezulu okukhiqiza anamandla okukhiqiza.Ngo-2022, bekunamabhizinisi acishe abe ngu-200 amakhulu okukhiqiza i-polyethylene emhlabeni.I-ExxonMobil iyibhizinisi elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni lokukhiqiza i-polyethylene, ebalwa cishe u-8.0% wawo wonke umthamo wokukhiqiza owenziwe emhlabeni.I-Dow neSinopec zikleliswe endaweni yesibili neyesithathu ngokulandelana.
Ngo-2021, isamba sohwebo samazwe ngamazwe se-polyethylene sasingama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-85.75, ukukhuphuka konyaka ngo-40.8%, kanti isamba sohwebo sesamba samathani ayizigidi ezingu-57.77, ukwehla konyaka ngo-7.3%.Ngokombono wentengo, isilinganiso sentengo yokuthekelisa ye-polyethylene emhlabeni wonke singama-dollar ayi-1484.4 aseMelika ngethani ngalinye, ukukhuphuka konyaka ngonyaka ngama-51.9%.
I-China, i-United States, kanye neBelgium yizona ezihamba phambili emhlabeni ezingenisa i-polyethylene, ibalwa ku-34.6% wesamba sempahla ethengwayo emhlabeni;I-United States, iSaudi Arabia, kanye neBelgium amazwe ahamba phambili athumela ngaphandle i-polyethylene emhlabeni, ebalwa ku-32.7% wengqikithi yomhlaba wonke ethunyelwa ngaphandle.
Amandla okukhiqiza i-polyethylene emhlabeni azogcina ukukhula okusheshayo.Eminyakeni emibili ezayo, umhlaba uzokwengeza amathani angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-12 zamandla okukhiqiza i-polyethylene ngonyaka, futhi lawa maphrojekthi ikakhulukazi amaphrojekthi ahlanganisiwe akhiqizwa ngokuhambisana nezitshalo ze-ethylene ezikhuphuka nomfula.Kulindeleke ukuthi kusukela ngo-2020 kuya ku-2024, isilinganiso sonyaka sokukhula kwe-polyethylene sizoba ngu-5.2%.
Isimo Samanje kanye Nesibikezelo Sokunikezwa Kwe-Polyethylene Nesidingo E-China
Amandla okukhiqiza i-polyethylene yaseShayina kanye nokuphumayo kuye kwanda kanyekanye.Ngo-2022, amandla okukhiqiza i-polyethylene yaseChina anyuke ngo-11.2% unyaka nonyaka futhi ukukhiqizwa kukhuphuke ngo-6.0% unyaka nonyaka.Kusukela ekupheleni kuka-2022, cishe kunamabhizinisi angu-50 okukhiqiza i-polyethylene e-China, futhi umthamo omusha wokukhiqiza ngo-2022 uhlanganisa ikakhulukazi amayunithi afana ne-Sinopec Zhenhai Refinery, i-Lianyungang Petrochemical, ne-Zhejiang Petrochemical.
Ishadi Lokuqhathanisa Lokukhiqizwa Kwe-Polyethylene e-China kusuka ngo-2021 kuya ku-2023

Ukwanda kokusetshenziswa okubonakalayo kwe-polyethylene kunqunyelwe, futhi izinga lokuzanelisa ligcina ukukhula.Ngo-2022, ukusetshenziswa okusobala kwe-polyethylene e-China kukhuphuke ngo-0.1% unyaka nonyaka, futhi izinga lokuziphilisa lenyuke ngamaphesenti angu-3.7 uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule.
Umthamo wokungenisa kwe-polyethylene e-China wehla unyaka nonyaka, kanti umthamo wokuthekelisa ukhuphuka unyaka nonyaka.Ngo-2022, umthamo wokungenisa we-polyethylene wase-China wehla ngo-7.7% unyaka nonyaka;Umthamo wokuthekelisa ukhule ngama-41.5%.I-China isalokhu ingumthengisi we-polyethylene kwamanye amazwe.Ukuhweba kwe-polyethylene yaseShayina ikakhulukazi kuncike ekuhwebeni okuvamile, okubalelwa ku-82.2% wesamba sevolumu yokungenisa;Okulandelayo ukuhweba ngokucubungula kwamanye amazwe, okubalelwa ku-9.3%.Izinto ezithengwayo zivela kakhulu emazweni noma ezifundeni ezifana ne-Saudi Arabia, Iran, kanye ne-United Arab Emirates, okubalelwa cishe ku-49.9% wesamba sempahla ethengwayo.
I-polyethylene isetshenziswa kakhulu e-China, futhi ifilimu ibalwa ngaphezu kwesigamu sengqikithi.Ngo-2022, ifilimu elizacile lihlala liwumkhakha omkhulu wokusetshenziswa kwe-polyethylene osezansi nomfula eChina, lilandelwa ukubunjwa komjovo, amaphrofayili wamapayipi, okungenalutho nezinye izinkambu.
I-polyethylene yaseChina isesigabeni sokukhula ngokushesha.Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelele, i-China ihlela ukwengeza amasethi angu-15 ezitshalo ze-polyethylene ngaphambi kuka-2024, ngomthamo owengeziwe wokukhiqiza ongaphezu kwamathani ayizigidi ezingu-8 ngonyaka.
2023 PE Domestic Uhlelo Lokukhiqiza Idivayisi Entsha

Kusukela ngoMeyi 2023, inani lokukhiqiza izitshalo zasekhaya ze-PE selifinyelele kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-30.61.Mayelana nokunwetshwa kwe-PE ngo-2023, kulindeleke ukuthi umthamo wokukhiqiza ube amathani ayizigidi ezi-3.75 ngonyaka.Njengamanje, i-Guangdong Petrochemical, i-Hainan Refining and Chemical, kanye ne-Shandong Jinhai Chemical isiqalile ukusebenza, nesamba sokukhiqiza amathani ayizigidi ezingu-2.2.Kubandakanya idivayisi egcwele ukuminyana engamathani ayizigidi ezingu-1.1 kanye nedivayisi ye-HDPE yamathani ayizigidi ezingu-1.1, kuyilapho idivayisi ye-LDPE ingakaqaliswa ukusebenza phakathi nonyaka.Engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka olandelayo, kusekhona amathani ayizigidi ezingu-1.55/ngonyaka wezinhlelo ezintsha zokukhiqiza imishini, okubandakanya amathani ayizigidi ezingu-1.25 wemishini ye-HDPE kanye namathani angu-300000 wemishini ye-LLDPE.Kulindeleke ukuthi isamba sokukhiqiza saseChina sifinyelele kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-32.16 ngo-2023.
Njengamanje, kukhona ukungqubuzana okukhulu phakathi kokuhlinzekwa kanye nesidingo se-PE e-China, namandla okukhiqiza agxilile amayunithi amasha okukhiqiza esikhathini esizayo.Kodwa-ke, imboni yemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphansi ibhekene nenkinga emananini entengo yezinto ezingavuthiwe, ama-oda aphansi emikhiqizo, kanye nobunzima bokwenyusa amanani ekugcineni kokudayisa;Ukwehla kwemali engenayo yokusebenza kanye nezindleko eziphezulu zokusebenza kuye kwaholela ekungeneni kwemali okuqinile emabhizinisini, futhi eminyakeni yamuva, ngaphansi kwesizinda sokwehla kwamandla emali, izinqubomgomo zokuqinisa izimali zakwamanye amazwe ziye zandisa ingozi yokuwohloka komnotho, futhi isidingo esibuthakathaka siholele ekwehleni. kuma-oda okuhweba angaphandle ngemikhiqizo.Amabhizinisi emikhiqizo esezingeni eliphansi, njengemikhiqizo ye-PE, asesikhathini sobuhlungu bezimboni ngenxa yokuhlinzekwa kanye nokungalingani kwesidingo.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, badinga ukunaka isidingo sendabuko, kuyilapho bethuthukisa isidingo esisha kanye nokuthola izikhombisi-ndlela zokuthekelisa
Kusukela engxenyeni yokusabalalisa yokusetshenziswa kwe-PE engezansi komfula e-China, ingxenye enkulu kakhulu yokusetshenziswa ifilimu, elandelwa izigaba ezinkulu zomkhiqizo ezifana nokubunjwa komjovo, ipayipi, okungenalutho, umdwebo wezintambo, ikhebula, i-metallocene, i-coating, njll. Embonini yomkhiqizo wefilimu, okujwayelekile yifilimu yezolimo, ifilimu yezimboni, kanye nefilimu yokupakishwa kwemikhiqizo.Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni yamuva nje, isidingo semikhiqizo yamafilimu epulasitiki alahlwayo kancane kancane sathathelwa indawo ukuthandwa kwamapulasitiki awonakele ngenxa yemithetho elinganiselwe yepulasitiki.Ngaphezu kwalokho, imboni yefilimu yokupakisha nayo isesikhathini sokulungiswa kwesakhiwo, futhi inkinga yomthamo oweqile emikhiqizweni esezingeni eliphansi iseyimbi.
Izimboni zokubumba umjovo, ipayipi, izimbobo nezinye zixhumene kakhulu nezidingo zengqalasizinda nempilo yansuku zonke yabantu.Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngenxa yezinto ezifana nempendulo yemizwa yomthengi engemihle evela kubahlali, ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yemikhiqizo kubhekane nezithiyo ezithile zokukhula, futhi ukulandela okulinganiselwe kwakamuva kwama-oda okuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe nakho kuye kwaholela ekutheni kube khona ukwehla kokukhula kwemakethe. isikhathi esifushane.
Yiziphi izindawo zokukhula kwesidingo sasekhaya se-PE esikhathini esizayo
Eqinisweni, eNgqungqutheleni Kazwelonke yama-20 ekupheleni kuka-2022, kuye kwahlongozwa izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokukhuthaza isidingo sasekhaya, ngenhloso yokuvula ukusakazwa kwangaphakathi eChina.Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuye kwashiwo ukuthi ukwanda kwezinga lokufudukela emadolobheni kanye nezinga lokukhiqiza kuzoletha ukukhuthazwa kwesidingo emikhiqizweni ye-PE ngokombono wokukhuthazwa kokujikeleza kwangaphakathi.Ukwengeza, ukuxegiswa okuphelele kokulawula, ukusimama komnotho, kanye nokwanda okulindelekile kwesidingo sokusatshalaliswa kwangaphakathi kwangaphakathi nakho kunikeza iziqinisekiso zenqubomgomo zokutholwa kabusha kwezidingo zasekhaya esikhathini esizayo.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwabathengi kubangele isidingo esikhulayo, esinezidingo eziphakeme zamapulasitiki emikhakheni efana nezimoto, amakhaya ahlakaniphile, izinto zikagesi, nezokuthutha ngojantshi.Ikhwalithi ephezulu, ukusebenza okuphezulu, nezinto zokwakha ezinobungani kwemvelo sekuyinto ekhethwayo.Amaphuzu okukhula angaba khona ngesidingo sesikhathi esizayo ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezine, okuhlanganisa ukukhula kwamaphakheji embonini yokulethwa kwezidingo, amafilimu okupakisha aqhutshwa yi-e-commerce, nokukhula okungaba khona ezimotweni zamandla amasha, izingxenye, kanye nesidingo sezokwelashwa.Asekhona amaphuzu anamandla okukhula kwesidingo se-PE.
Mayelana nesidingo sangaphandle, kunezici eziningi ezingaqinisekile, ezifana nobudlelwano base-China base-US, inqubomgomo ye-Federal Reserve, impi yase-Russia Ukraine, izici zenqubomgomo ye-geopolitical, njll. Njengamanje, isidingo sokuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe e-China semikhiqizo yepulasitiki sisekukhiqizweni ophansi. imikhiqizo.Emkhakheni wemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu, ubuchwepheshe obuningi nobuchwepheshe zisabanjwe ngokuqinile ezandleni zamabhizinisi angaphandle, futhi ukuvinjelwa kobuchwepheshe bemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu kubi kakhulu, Ngakho-ke, kuphinde kube yiphuzu lokuphumelela lomkhiqizo wesikhathi esizayo waseChina. ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, lapho amathuba nezinselelo kuhlangana khona.Amabhizinisi asekhaya asabhekene nokusungula nokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe.