Eminyakeni yamuva nje, iChina isheshise ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ezisafufusa amasu anjengebuchwepheshe bolwazi olusha, ukukhiqiza imishini ephezulu, kanye namandla amasha, futhi kusetshenziswe amaphrojekthi amakhulu emnothweni kazwelonke nokwakhiwa kwezokuvikela. Imboni yezinto ezintsha ezidinga ukuhlinzeka ukwesekwa kanye nesiqinisekiso, kanye nendawo yokuthuthukisa ikusasa yezimboni ezintsha zokwakha isingcweti. Ngokusho kwezibalo, inani lokukhipha lemboni elisha lezinto ezintsha laseChina likhuphuke lisuka cishe ku-1 trillion yuan ngonyaka we-2012 libe ngu-6.8 trillion yuan ngo-2022, linokukhula okuphelele kokukhula kweminyaka engu-20%. Inani lokuphuma kwezimboni ezintsha ze-China lezinto zaseChina kulindeleke ukuthi lifinyelele ku-10 Trillion Yuan ngo-2025.

1.overView yezimboni ezintsha zezinto zokwakha

Izinto ezintsha zibhekisela kokusha okusanda kuthuthukiswa noma ukuthuthukisa izinto ezinhle kakhulu ezinokusebenza okuhle kakhulu nezinto zokusebenza ezisebenzayo ngezakhiwo ezikhethekile. Ngokusho kwemihlahlandlela yentuthuko yezimboni ezintsha zezinto zokwakha, izinto ezintsha zihlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu: izinto eziyisisekelo ezibalulekile, izinto zokwakha ezibalulekile, nezinto zokwakha ezisemqoka. Isigaba ngasinye sifaka nezinkundla ezithile ezingezansi zezinto ezintsha, ezinobubanzi.

Ukuhlukaniswa okusha Okubonakalayo

I-China inamathela ngokubaluleka okukhulu ekwakhiweni kwezimboni ezintsha zezinto ezintsha futhi ikulobe ngempumelelo njengemboni yobuchwepheshe obuphakeme kazwelonke kanye nomkhakha osafufusa abalulekile. Kuhlelwe amacebo amaningi nezinqubomgomo zokukhuthaza ngamandla ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ezintsha zezinto zokwakha, kanye nesikhundla sezinhlelo zezinto ezintsha zezinto ezintsha ziyaqhubeka zisukuma. Umdwebo olandelayo ukhombisa imephu entsha yezinto ezibonakalayo yohlelo lweminyaka eyi-14:

Kamuva, izifundazwe eziningi kanye namadolobha amaningi sewethule nezinqubomgomo zentuthuko nezinqubomgomo ezikhethekile ukukhuthaza nokusekela ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ezintsha zezinto zokwakha.

Umkhakha Wezinto Zokwenziwa Kwe-2.New

◾Isakhiwo Sezimbombo Zezimboni

I-Upstream Yezinto Ezintsha Zezinto Zokusebenza Kwezinto Ifaka Izinto Zensimbi, Izinto Zensimbi Ezingezonakele, Izinto Zamakhemikhali, Izinto Zokwakha, njll. Izindwangu ezintsha zihlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu: Izinto ezibalulekile eziyisisekelo, izinto zokwakha ezibalulekile, nokusika --EDI LAMAHHALA. Izicelo ezansiwa zifaka imininingwane kagesi, izimoto ezintsha zamandla, ukongiwa kwamandla nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, imboni yezokwelapha, imishini yezokwelapha, imishini yendwangu, izimboni zokwakha, njll.

Imephu Yezinto Ezintsha Ezintsha Chain

◾ukusatshalaliswa kwesikhala

Umkhakha wezinto ezintsha zaseChina wakha imodeli yokuthuthukiswa kwe-cluster, egxile kwi-Bohai Rim, ne-Yangtze River Delta, kanye nePearl River Delta, kanye nokusatshalaliswa okuvelele kwezifunda ezisenyakatho-mpumalanga kanye nasenkabeni yentshonalanga.

◾Ukubukeka Kwezimboni

Imboni entsha yezinto zokwakha ezweni lethu yakha iphethini yokuncintisana yama-tiers amathathu. I-Tier yokuqala ihlanganiswa ikakhulukazi amabhizinisi axhaswe ngemali, nezinkampani zaseMelika ezihola indlela. Izinkampani zaseJapan zinezinzuzo emasimini afana nama-nanomatadium kanye nezinto zokwaziswa nge-elekthronikhi, kuyilapho izinkampani zase-Europe zinezinzuzo ezisobala ezintweni ezibonakalayo, i-Optics, kanye nezinto zokwenziwa kwe-opoleelectronic. Ithayi lesibili ikakhulukazi lakhiwa ngamabhizinisi aholayo, amelwe yizinkampani ezinjengekhemikhali le-WANHUA ne-TCL. Ngezinqubomgomo zikazwelonke zeNational kanye nempumelelo kubuchwepheshe obuphakeme bokuphela, amabhizinisi aholayo eChina asondela kancane kancane ku-tier yokuqala. Ithayi lesithathu lakhiwa ikakhulukazi inani elikhulu lamabhizinisi amancane naphakathi nendawo, ikakhulukazi usebenzisa izinto eziyisisekelo ezithuthukile, ngomncintiswano onolaka.

Isimo sokuncintisana samabhizinisi embonini yezinto ezintsha zaseChina

3.I-Global Congilitive Landscape

Amabhizinisi amasha embonini yezinto ezintsha athuthukiswa emazweni kanye nezifunda ezifana ne-United States, iJapan, neYurophu, ezinobuningi bezinkampani zezomnotho, ubuchwepheshe obukhulu, ukucwaninga kanye nokuthuthuka kwamandla, isabelo semakethe , nezinye izici. Phakathi kwazo, i-United States iyizwe eliholayo eliholayo, iJapan inezinzuzo emasimini ama-nanomatadium, izinto zokwaziswa nge-elekthronikhi, njll. I-China, iSouth Korea, neRussia zisemuva kakhulu futhi njengamanje zingezansi kweTier yesibili emhlabeni. I-China inezinzuzo eziqhathanisayo ekukhanyiseni kwe-semiconductor, ingalawuleki yomhlaba wezinto zokwehla kwezibalo, izinto zekristalu zokufakelwa, izindawo eziseduzane nezinto zokwakha, izinto zokwakha, kanye neRussia ezintweni zokwakha ze-aerospace. Ngokombono wemakethe yezinto ezintsha, eNyakatho Melika naseYurophu njengamanje kunemakethe yezinto ezintsha kakhulu emhlabeni, futhi imakethe ivuthiwe. Esifundeni sase-Asia Pacific, imakethe yezinto ezintsha isesigabeni sokuthuthuka okusheshayo.

I-4. Impumelelo evelele emkhakheni wembulunga yonke yezinto ezintsha