Eminyakeni yamuva nje, inqubo yezobuchwepheshe yemboni yamakhemikhali yaseChina yenze inqubekela phambili enkulu, eholele ekuhlukanisweni kwezindlela zokukhiqiza amakhemikhali kanye nokwehlukanisa ukuncintisana kwamakhemikhali kwamakhemikhali. Le ndatshana ingena kakhulu izinqubo ezihlukene zokukhiqiza zePropane ye-Epoxy.

Ngokokuphenya, ukukhuluma ngokuqinile, kunezindlela ezintathu zokukhiqiza ze-epoxy propane, okungukuthi indlela ye-chlorohydrin, indlela ye-chlokhohydrin (indlela ye-HYCON), neHydrogen Peroxide Direct Oxidation Method (HPPO). Njengamanje, indlela ye-chlorohydrin nendlela ye-HPPO yizinqubo ezijwayelekile zokukhiqizwa kwePropane ye-Epoxy.

I-ChlorohyDrin Indlela iyindlela yokukhiqiza i-epoxy propane usebenzisa i-propylene kanye ne-chlorine igesi njengezinto zokwenziwa eziluhlaza ngezinqubo ezinjenge-chlorohydrination, i-taponication, kanye ne-distillation. Le nqubo inesivuno esikhulu se-epoxy propane, kepha futhi ikhiqiza inani elikhulu lamanzi amdaka kanye negesi yokuqeda amandla, okunomthelela omkhulu emvelweni.

Indlela ye-CO OXIDATION inqubo yokukhiqiza i-appene oxide usebenzisa i-propylene, ethylbenzene, kanye nomoya-mpilo njengezinto eziluhlaza. Okokuqala, u-Ethylbenzene uphendula ngomoya wokukhiqiza i-ethylbenzene peroxide. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-Ethylbenzene Peroxide ibhekana nokusabela kwe-cyclization nge-propelene ukukhiqiza i-epoxy propane ne-phenylethanol. Le nqubo inenqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yokusabela futhi ikhiqiza imikhiqizo eminingi emikhiqizo, ngakho-ke, nayo ibhekene nemithelela emibi emvelweni.

Indlela ye-HPPO yinqubo yokwengeza i-methanol, i-propylene, ne-hydrogen peroxide ngesilinganiso esiningi esingu-4.2: 1.3: 1 kuya ku-reactoror equkethe i-catalyst (TS-1) yokuphendula. Le nqubo ingaguqula ama-98% we-hydrogen peroxide, futhi ukhetho lwe-epoxy propane lungafinyelela kuma-95%. Inani elincane le-propylene elisetshenziswe ngokwengxenye lingavuselelwa emuva ku-reaction ukuze aphinde asebenzise.

Okubaluleke kakhulu, i-epoxy propane ekhiqizwa yile nqubo njengamanje iyona kuphela umkhiqizo ovunyelwe ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle eChina.

Sibala inani lentengo kusuka ngo-2009 liye maphakathi no-2023 futhi sibheke izinguquko ekukhiqizweni kwe-Epichurlohydrin nezinqubo ze-HPPO kule minyaka eyi-14 edlule.

Indlela ye-Epichurohydrin

1.Indlela ye-Epichurohydrin iyazuzisa isikhathi esiningi. Eminyakeni engu-14 edlule, inzuzo yokukhiqiza ye-Epichurohydrin indlela ye-chlorohydrin yafinyelela phezulu ku-8358 yuan / ton, okwenzeke ngo-2021.

2.Ukuguquguquka kwenzuzo kwendlela ye-EpichuroHyDrin kuyahambisana nokuguquguquka kwentengo kwe-EpichuroHyDrin. Lapho intengo yePropane ye-epoxy inyuka, inzuzo yokukhiqiza yendlela ye-EpichurohyDrin nayo inyuka ngokufanele. Lokhu kungaguquguquki kukhombisa umthelela ojwayelekile wezinguquko ekunikezelweni kwemakethe kanye nokufunwa kanye nenani lomkhiqizo kumanani emikhiqizo emibili. Isibonelo, ngo-2021, ngenxa yobhubhane, ukusetshenziswa kwethonya elithambile le-polyleanely polyleately kukhuphuke kakhulu, okwakuqhubekela phambili ngentengo ye-epoxy propane, kwakha ekugcineni komlando e-EpichuroHyDrin Production.

3.Ukushintshashintsha kwamanani e-propylene ne-propelene oxide ekhombisa ukungaguquguquki kwesikhathi eside, kodwa ezimweni eziningi, kunomehluko omkhulu ekuguqukeni kokuguquguquka okuphakathi kwalokhu okubili. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi amanani entengo ye-epichurohydrin athonywa yizici ezihlukile, ngamanani e-propenene anomthelela omkhulu ekukhiqizeni i-EpichuroHyDrin. Ngenxa yokuthi i-PepyLele iyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ebonakalayo yokukhiqizwa kwe-Epichurohydrin, ukuguquguquka kwentengo yayo kuzoba nomthelela omkhulu kwizindleko zokukhiqiza zokukhiqizwa kwe-EpichuroHyDrin.

Sekukonke, inzuzo yokukhiqiza ye-Epichurohydrin eChina ibisesimweni esinenzuzo iningi leminyaka eyi-14 edlule, futhi ukuguquguquka kwalo kwenzuzo kuyahambisana nokuguquguquka kwentengo ye-EpichurohyDrin. Amanani entengo ye-propelene ayisici esibalulekile esithinta inzuzo yokukhiqiza ye-Epichurohydrin eChina.

I-HPPO indlela epoxy epoxy

1.Indlela ye-Chinese HPPO ye-epoxypropane ibinenzuzo isikhathi esiningi, kepha inzuzo yayo ngokuvamile iphansi ngokuqhathaniswa nendlela ye-chlorohydrin. Esikhathini esifushane kakhulu, indlela ye-HPPO yathola ukulahleka kwe-epoxy propane, kwathi iningi lesikhathi, izinga lenzuzo lalo laliphansi kakhulu kunaleyo ndlela ye-chlorohydrin.

2.Ngenxa yokwanda okukhulu kwentengo ye-epoxy propane ngo-2021, inzuzo ye-HPPO epoxy propane efinyelele umlando ophakeme ngo-2021, ifinyelela ubukhulu be-6611 yuan / ithoni. Kodwa-ke, kusekhona igebe eliseduze kwe-2000 yuan / ton phakathi kwale leveli lenzuzo kanye nendlela ye-chlorohydrin. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi yize indlela ye-HPPO inezinzuzo ezicini ezithile, indlela ye-chlorohydrin isanezinzuzo ezinkulu ngokuya ngenzuzo ephelele.

3.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokubala inzuzo yendlela ye-HPPO usebenzisa i-50% hydrogen peroxide intengo, kwatholakala ukuthi akukho okuhlobene nokuxhumeka okuphezulu phakathi kwentengo ye-hydrogen peroxide kanye ne-propelene oxide. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi inzuzo yendlela ye-HPPO yaseChina ye-epoxypropane icindezelwa ngamanani entengo ye-propylene kanye ne-hydrogen peroxide ephezulu. Ngenxa yokuxhumeka okusondele phakathi kokushintshashintsha kwamanani kwalezi zinto ezingavuthiwe kanye nemikhiqizo ephakathi nezici ezinjengezindleko zemakethe kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza, kube nomthelela omkhulu kwinzuzo ye-epoxy esebenzisa indlela ye-HPPE

Ukuguquguquka kwenzuzo yokukhiqiza ye-HPPO indlela ye-HPPO ye-epoxy eminyakeni eyi-14 edlule kukhombisile isimilo sokuba inzuzo enkulu yesikhathi eside kodwa ngezinga eliphansi lenzuzo. Yize inezinzuzo ezicini ezithile, iyonke, inzuzo yaso isadinga ukwenziwa ngcono. Ngasikhathi sinye, inzuzo ye-HPPO Method epoxy ithintwe kakhulu ukuguquguquka kwentengo kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo kanye nemikhiqizo ephakathi nendawo, ikakhulukazi i-hydylogen peroxide. Ngakho-ke, abakhiqizi badinga ukuqapha izitayela zemakethe futhi balungisa amasu okukhiqiza ngokunengqondo ukufeza izinga lenzuzo engcono kakhulu.

Umthelela wezinto zokusetshenziswa eziphambili ezindlekweni zabo ngaphansi kwezinqubo ezimbili zokukhiqiza

1.Yize ukuguquguquka kwenzuzo kwendlela ye-Epichurohydrin kanye ne-HPPO indlela khombisa ukuvumelana, kunomehluko omkhulu kumthelela wezinto zokwakha ezibucayi kwinzuzo yabo. Lo mehluko ukhombisa ukuthi kunomehluko ekuphathweni kwezindleko kanye namandla okulawulwa kwenzuzo phakathi kwalezi zinqubo zokukhiqiza ezimbili lapho ubhekene nokushintshashintsha kwezimali ngamanani entengo akhona.

2.Ngendlela ye-chlorohydrin, ingxenye ye-propelene yokubiza ifinyelela ngokwesilinganiso sama-67%, accounting isikhathi esingaphezu kwengxenye yesikhathi, futhi afinyelele imali ephezulu kakhulu engama-72%. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi kwinqubo yokukhiqiza ye-chlorohydrin, izindleko ze-propylene zinomthelela omkhulu kunesisindo. Ngakho-ke, ukuguquguquka kwentengo ye-propelene kunethonya eliqondile kwizindleko kanye nenzuzo yokukhiqizwa kwe-EpichuroHyDrin nge-Chlorohydrin indlela. Lokhu kubhekwa kuyahambisana nomkhuba wesikhathi eside wokuguquguquka kwenzuzo nokushintshana kwePriplene ekwenziweni kwe-EpichuroHyDrin yindlela ye-chlorohydrin okukhulunywe ngayo ekuqaleni.

Ngokuphambene nalokho, ngendlela ye-HPPO, umthelela ojwayelekile we-propylene ngezindleko zawo uneminyaka engama-61%, nabanye abanomthelela omkhulu ku-68% kanye ne-55%. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi kwinqubo yokukhiqiza ye-HPPO, yize umthelela wezindleko we-Porylene ukhulu, awunamandla njengomthelela we-chlorohydrin indlela ngezindleko zawo. Lokhu kungenzeka kube nomthelela omkhulu wezinye izinto eziluhlaza ezifana ne-hydrogen peroxide esetshenziselwa inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-HPPO ngezindleko, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa umthelela wokushintshashintsha kwezindleko ngentengo.

3.Uma intengo ye-propenene iguquguquka ngo-10%, umthelela wezindleko ze-chlorohydrin indlela uzodlula leyo ndlela ye-HPPO. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lapho ubhekene nokushintshashintsha kwamanani entengo, izindleko ze-chlorohydrin zithinteka kakhulu, futhi zikhulume kakhulu, indlela ye-HPPO inezindleko ezingcono ukuphathwa kwezindleko kanye namakhono okulawula inzuzo. Lokhu kubona futhi kugcizelela umehluko ekuphenduleni ekushintshashintsheni kwamanani entengo akhona akhona phakathi kwezinqubo ezahlukene zokukhiqiza.

Kunokuvumelana kokuguquguquka kwenzuzo phakathi kwendlela ye-chlorohydrin yaseChina nendlela ye-HPPO ye-epoxy propane, kepha kunomehluko ngomthelela wezinto zokusetshenziswa kwazo. Lapho ubhekene nokushintshashintsha kwezimali ezibonakalayo ezingavuthiwe, izinqubo ezimbili zokukhiqiza zibonisa ukuphathwa kwezindleko ezahlukahlukene kanye namandla okulawula inzuzo. Phakathi kwazo, indlela ye-chlorohydrin iyazwela kakhulu ukuguquguquka kwentengo ye-propylene, kuyilapho indlela ye-HPPO inokuphikiswa okuhle kobungozi. Le mithetho inokubaluleka okubalulekile okuqondisayo kwamabhizinisi ukukhetha izinqubo zokukhiqiza nokwenza amasu okukhiqiza.

Umthelela wezinto zokwakha ezishubile kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa ezingavuthiwe ezindlekweni zabo ngaphansi kwezinqubo ezimbili zokukhiqiza

1.Umthelela we-chlorine ewuketshezi ezindlekweni zokukhiqizwa kwe-Epichurohydrin nge-Chlorohydrin Method ufinyelele kuma-8% kuphela eminyakeni eyi-14 edlule, futhi angabhekwa njengengabi namthelela wezindleko eziqondile. Lokhu kubona okubonisa ukuthi i-chlorine ewuketshezi idlala indima encane enqulwini lokukhiqiza le-chlorohydrin, futhi intengo yokushintshashintsha kwentengo inomthelela omncane kwizindleko ze-EpichuroHyDrin ezikhiqizwe yi-chlorohydrin.

2.Umthelela wezindleko zokuhlushwa i-hydrogen peroxide ngendlela ye-HPPO ye-epoxy ephakeme kakhulu kunaleyo ye-chlorine gesi kumthelela wezindleko ze-chlorohydrin indlela. I-Hydrogen Peroxide iyi-oxidant ebalulekile kwinqubo yokukhiqiza ye-HPPO, futhi ukuguquguquka kwentengo yayo kube nomthelela oqondile ezindlekweni ze-epoxy propane kwinqubo ye-HPPO, yesibili kuphela ku-Phylene. Lokhu kubona okuqokomisa isikhundla esibalulekile se-hydrogen peroxide kwinqubo yokukhiqiza ye-HPPO.

3.Uma ibhizinisi likhiqiza igesi yalo ye-chlorine eyedwa, umthelela wezindleko we-chlorine gesi ku-EpichuroHyDrin Production anganakwa. Lokhu kungahle kube ngenxa yenani elincane le-chlorine groudine ye-chlorine yomkhiqizo, onomthelela olinganiselwe ezindlekweni zokukhiqizwa kwe-Epichurohydrin usebenzisa i-chlorohydrin.

4.Uma ukugcwala kwama-75% kwe-hydrogen peroxide kusetshenziswa, umthelela wezindleko we-hydrogen peroxide kwindlela ye-HPPO ye-epoxy propane izodlula ama-30%, futhi umthelela wezindleko uzoqhubeka ukukhuphuka ngokushesha. Lokhu kubona okubonisa ukuthi i-epoxy propane ekhiqizwe yindlela ye-HPPO ayithinteki kuphela ekuguquguqukeni okukhulu kwi-propylene eluhlaza eluhlaza, kodwa futhi ngokuguquguquka okukhulu ngentengo ye-hydrogen peroxide. Ngenxa yokwanda kokuqothuka kwe-hydrogen peroxide esetshenziselwa inqubo yokukhiqiza i-HPPO ku-75%, inani nezindleko ze-hydrogen peroxide nazo ziyanda ngokufanele. Kunezinto eziningi ezithonya ngemthonya wemakethe, futhi ukuguquguquka kwenzuzo yalo kuzokhuphuka, okuzoba nomthelela omkhulu emananini entengo yemakethe.

Kunomehluko omkhulu kumthelela wezindleko zezinto zokusetshenziswa ezisizayo zezinqubo zokukhiqiza ze-EpichuroHyDrin usebenzisa indlela ye-chlorohydrin kanye nendlela ye-HPPO. Umthelela we-chlorine ewuketshezi ezindlekweni ze-Epichurohydrin ezikhiqizwe yi-Chlorohydrin indlela encane, kuyilapho umthelela we-hydrogen peroxide ngezindleko ze-EpichuroHyDrin ezikhiqizwe yi-HPPO indlela ebaluleke kakhulu. Ngasikhathi sinye, uma inkampani ikhiqiza eyayo i-chlorine gas noma isebenzisa ukugxila okuhlukile kwe-hydrogen peroxide, umthelela wayo wezindleko nawo uzohluka. Le mithetho inokubaluleka okubalulekile okuqondisayo kwamabhizinisi ukukhetha izinqubo zokukhiqiza, yakha amasu okukhiqiza, futhi alawule izindleko.

Ngokusekelwe kwidatha yamanje kanye nezitayela, amaphrojekthi aqhubekayo e-epoxy propane ngokuzayo azodlula isilinganiso samanje, iningi lamaphrojekthi amasha amukela indlela ye-HPPO kanye nendlela ye-Ethylbenzene CO OXIDATION. Le nto izoholela ekwandeni kwesidingo sezinto zokwakha eziluhlaza ezinjenge-propylene ne-hydrogen peroxide, ezizoba nomthelela omkhulu kwizindleko zePropane ye-epoxy kanye nemali ephelele yomkhakha.

Ngokombono wezindleko, amabhizinisi anemodeli yezimboni ehlangene angalawula kangcono isisindo sethonya lezinto zokwakha, ukunciphisa izindleko kanye nokwenza ngcono ukuncintisana kwemakethe. Ngenxa yokuthi amaphrojekthi amasha e-epoxy propane ngokuzayo azokwanda indlela ye-HPPO, isidingo se-hydrogen peroxide sizokhuphuka, sizokwandisa isisindo sokuguquguquka kwentengo ye-hydrogen peroxide ngezindleko zePropane ye-epoxy.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwendlela ye-Ethylbenzene CO Oxidation kumaphrojekthi amasha e-epoxy propane ngokuzayo, isidingo se-propylene sizokhuphuka. Ngakho-ke, isisindo somthelela wokushintshashintsha kwentengo ye-propylene ngezindleko zePropane ye-epoxy nazo zizokwanda. Lezi zinto zizoletha izinselelo eziningi namathuba embonini ye-epoxy propase.

Sekukonke, ukuthuthukiswa komkhakha we-epoxy propane ngokuzayo kuzothonywa amaphrojekthi aqhubekayo nezinto zokwakha ezingavuthiwe. Kwamabhizinisi amukele izindlela ze-HPPO kanye nezindlela ze-Ethylbenzene CO OXIDATION izindlela, ukunakwa okwengeziwe kudinga ukukhokhelwa ukulawula izindleko kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokuhlanganiswa kwe-chain chain chain ukuhlanganisa. Kwabahlinzeki bezinto ezibonakalayo eziluhlaza, kuyadingeka ukuqinisa ukuqina kokuhlinzekwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo nezindleko zokulawula ukuthuthukisa ukuncintisana kwemakethe.