Igama Lomkhiqizo:Aniline
Ifomethi ye-Molecular:I-C6H7N
Inombolo ye-CAS:62-53-3
Isakhiwo samangqamuzana omkhiqizo:
Chemical Properties:
I-Aniline iyi-amine yephunga elimnandi eyinhloko kanye nenhlanganisela eyakhiwe ngokushintshwa kwe-athomu ye-hydrogen ku-molecule ye-benzene ngeqembu le-amino.Ingamafutha angenambala njengoketshezi oluvuthayo olunephunga elinamandla.Uma ishisiswe kufika ku-370 C, iyancibilika kancane emanzini futhi inyibilika ku-ethanol, ether, chloroform nezinye izinyibilikisi eziphilayo.Iba nsundu emoyeni noma ngaphansi kwelanga.Ingahlanjululwa nge-steam.Inani elincane le-zinc powder liyengezwa ukuvimbela i-oxidation lapho i-distilled.I-aniline ecwengiwe ingangezwa i-10 ~ 15ppm NaBH4 ukuvimbela ukuwohloka kwe-oxidation.Isixazululo se-aniline sine-alkaline.
Kulula ukukhiqiza usawoti uma uhlangana ne-asidi.Ama-athomu e-hydrogen emaqenjini awo amino angashintshwa ngamaqembu e-alkyl noma e-acyl ukuze akhiqize i-aniline yebanga lesibili noma lesithathu ne-acyl aniline.Lapho ukusabela kokushintsha kwenzeka, imikhiqizo ye-ortho ne-para esikhundleni semikhiqizo ikhiqizwa kakhulu.Ihlangana ne-nitrite yakhe usawoti we-diazonium, ongasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza uchungechunge lokuphuma kwe-benzene nama-azo compounds.
Isicelo:
I-Aniline isetshenziswa kakhulu njengekhemikhali emaphakathi odayi, izidakamizwa, iziqhumane, amapulasitiki, namakhemikhali ezithombe nawenjoloba.Amakhemikhali amaningi angenziwa ku-Aniline, kufaka phakathi:
I-Isocyanaates yemboni ye-urethane
Ama-Antioxidants, ama-activator, ama-accelerator, namanye amakhemikhali embonini yenjoloba
I-Indigo, i-acetoacetanilide, nabanye odayi nemibala yezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza
I-Diphenylamine yezimboni zenjoloba, i-petroleum, amapulasitiki, ezolimo, iziqhumane, namakhemikhali
Ama-fungacides ahlukahlukene kanye nama-herbicides embonini yezolimo
Ezemithi, amakhemikhali aphilayo, neminye imikhiqizo