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Igama Lomkhiqizo:Aniline

Ifomethi ye-Molecular:I-C6H7N

Inombolo ye-CAS:62-53-3

Isakhiwo samangqamuzana omkhiqizo:

Chemical Properties:

I-Aniline iyi-amine yephunga elimnandi eyinhloko kanye nenhlanganisela eyakhiwe ngokushintshwa kwe-athomu ye-hydrogen ku-molecule ye-benzene ngeqembu le-amino. Ingamafutha angenambala njengoketshezi oluvuthayo olunephunga elinamandla. Uma ishisiswe kufika ku-370 C, incibilika kancane emanzini futhi inyibilika ku-ethanol, ether, chloroform nezinye izinyibilikisi eziphilayo. Iba nsundu emoyeni noma ngaphansi kwelanga. Ingahlanjululwa nge-steam. Inani elincane le-zinc powder liyengezwa ukuvimbela i-oxidation lapho i-distilled. I-aniline ecwengiwe ingangezwa i-10 ~ 15ppm NaBH4 ukuvimbela ukuwohloka kwe-oxidation. Isixazululo se-aniline sine-alkaline.
Kulula ukukhiqiza usawoti uma uhlangana ne-asidi. Ama-athomu e-hydrogen emaqenjini awo amino angashintshwa ngamaqembu e-alkyl noma e-acyl ukuze akhiqize i-aniline yebanga lesibili noma lesithathu ne-acyl aniline. Lapho ukusabela kokushintsha kwenzeka, imikhiqizo ye-ortho ne-para esikhundleni semikhiqizo ikhiqizwa kakhulu. Ihlangana ne-nitrite yakhe usawoti we-diazonium, ongasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza uchungechunge lokuphuma kwe-benzene nama-azo compounds.

Isicelo:

I-Aniline isetshenziswa kakhulu njengekhemikhali emaphakathi odayi, izidakamizwa, iziqhumane, amapulasitiki, namakhemikhali ezithombe nawenjoloba. Amakhemikhali amaningi angenziwa ku-Aniline, kufaka phakathi:

I-Isocyanaates yemboni ye-urethane

Ama-Antioxidants, ama-activator, ama-accelerator, namanye amakhemikhali embonini yenjoloba

I-Indigo, i-acetoacetanilide, nabanye odayi nemibala yezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza

I-Diphenylamine yezimboni zenjoloba, i-petroleum, amapulasitiki, ezolimo, iziqhumane, namakhemikhali

Ama-fungacides ahlukahlukene kanye nama-herbicides embonini yezolimo

Ezemithi, amakhemikhali aphilayo, neminye imikhiqizo