Igama lomkhiqizo:Toluene

Ifomethi Molecular:C7h8

I-CO CHA:108-88-3

Isakhiwo samangqamuzana somkhiqizo:

Izakhiwo Zamakhemikhali::

I-Toluene, i-organic compound ngefomula yamakhemikhali C₇HH₈, iyiphunga elingenamibala, elinobuthakathaka ngephunga elibucayi obumnandi. Inendawo eqinile eyenziwe kabusha. Akubukeki nge-ethanol, ether, i-acetone, i-chloroform, i-carbon dilelfide kanye ne-glacial acetic acid, futhi inyakazisa kakhulu emanzini. Okuvuthayo, umphunga ungakha ingxube eqhumayo ngomoya, ukugxilwa kwevolumu yengxube kungaqhuma ebangeni eliphansi. Ubuthi obuphansi, i-LD50 (rat, Oral) 5000mg / kg. Ukuhlushwa okukhulu kwegesi kuyinto ye-narcotic, ecasulayo

Isicelo:

UToluene utholakala ku-coal tal kanye ne-aspetroleum. Kwenzeka ngophethiloli kanye nama-manypolerum sol. I-Toluene isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza i-stepletrinitrotoluene (TNT), iTolune Diisocyanate, ne-Benzene; Njengezithako zezithako, izidakamizwa, kanye nama-detegents; Futhi njengezimboni zezezimboni ze-rubber, upende, ukumboza, ama-aoils.

I-Toluene inezicelo eziningi emkhakheni wamakhemikhali no-petroleum, enamathani acishe abe yizigidi eziyi-6 asetshenziswa minyaka yonke e-United States kanye namathani ayizigidi eziyi-16 asetshenziswa emhlabeni jikelele. Ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kweTolune kunjenge-octane booster ephepheni. I-Toluene inesilinganiso se-octabane sango-114. UToluene ungenye yezindawo ezine eziyimpuphuthekisa ezinephunga, kanye ne-benzene, i-xylene, kanye ne-ethylbenzenene, ezikhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokuthola amandla okwenza ngcono ukusebenza kukaphethiloli. Ngokubambisana, lezi zinhlaka ezine zifushaniswa njenge-BTEX. I-BTEX iyingxenye enkulu kaphethiloli, eyakha cishe i-18% ngesisindo senhlanganisela ejwayelekile. Yize inani le-aromatics lihlukahlukene ukukhiqiza izinhlayiya ezihlukile zokuhlangabezana nezidingo zendawo kanye nezikhathi ezithile zesikhathi, iToluene ingenye yezakhi ezinkulu. Uphethiloli ojwayelekile uqukethe cishe ama-7% toluene ngesisindo.
I-Toluene iyisiphandla sokuqala esisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amakhompiyutha ahlukahlukene we-organic. Isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ama-diisocyanates. Ama-isocyanates aqukethe iqembu elisebenzayo? N = c = o, ne-diisocyanatescontains ezimbili zalezi. Ama-diisocyanates amabili aphambili anguTolune 2,4-diisocyanate AndTolune 2,6-diisocyatate. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-diisocyanates eNyakatho Melika kuseduze nebhilidion. Bangaphezu kuka-90% wokukhiqizwa kwe-tolune diisocyanate kusetshenziselwa ukwenza amagwebu we-popolyurethanes. Lesi sakamuva sisetshenziswa njenge-Flexible Gcwalisa ifenisha, umbhede, kanye nama-cushions.in Ifomu eliqinile lisetshenziselwa ukufakwa, ukumboza amagobolondo alukhuni, izindwangu zokwakha, amasondo ezempi, amasondo ezemidlalo.

Ekwenziweni kwe-benzoic acid, e-benzaldehyde, iziqhumane, udayi kanye nezinye eziningi zezinhlanganisela eziphilayo; njenge-solvent yopende, ama-lacquers, izinsini, izinsini; mncane ngama-inks, amakha, udayi; ekukhishweni kwezimiso ezahlukahlukene ezitshalweni; njengokwengeza uphethiloli.