Igama lomkhiqizo:Polyurethane

Isakhiwo samangqamuzana somkhiqizo:

Izakhiwo zamakhemikhali:

Ama-polyurethanes akhiqizwa okokuqala futhi aphenywa nguDkt Otto Bayer ngo-1937. I-Polyurethane iyi-polymer lapho iyunithi ephindaphindwayo iqukethe ukunengqondo kwe-urethenane. Ama-Urethanes asuselwa kuma-carbamic acid akhona ngesimo sama-esters abo kuphela [15]. Inzuzo enkulu ye-pu ukuthi i-chain ayihlanganisiwe ama-athomu ekhabhoni kodwa kune-heteroatoms, umoya-mpilo, ikhabhoni ne-nitrogen [4]. Okwezicelo zezimboni, kungasetshenziswa i-polyhydroxyll compact. Ngokufanayo, amakhompiyutha e-Nitrogen asebenza ngokuningiliziwe angasetshenziswa ekuxhumaneni kwama-Amide. Ngokushintsha nokushintshanisa ama-polyhydroxyl kanye ne-polyfunngaral nitrogen compounds, ama-pus ahlukile angahlelwa [15]. I-Polyester noma ama-polynee remins aqukethe amaqembu e-hydroxyl asetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza i-polysetor polyther-pu, ngokulandelana [6]. Ukuhlukahluka ngenani lokufaka esikhundleni kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwezikhala phakathi nangaphakathi kwamaketanga egatsha kukhiqiza ama-pus avela kulayini afakwe ama-branwar futhi angu-9. I-Linear pus isetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwemicu nokubumba [6]. I-Plexible pus isetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwama-ejenti okubopha kanye nokugqoka [5]. I-Flexible futhi iqinile amapulasitiki anamahlamvu, akha iningi le-pus akhiqizwayo, angatholakala ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene embonini [7]. Kusetshenziswa ama-prepolymers aphansi ama-molecular, akhiqizwa ama-copolymers ahlukahlukene. Iqembu le-terminal Hydroxyl livumela ukushintshana kwamabhulokhi, okubizwa ngokuthi izingxenye, ukufakwa ku-pu chain. Ukuhluka kulezi zingxenye kuphumela ngamazinga ahlukahlukene ahlukahlukene amandla ashukumisayo kanye nokuqina. Amabhulokhi ahlinzeka ngesigaba se-Crystalline esiqinile futhi aqukethe i-Chain Extender kubhekiselwa kuzo njengezingxenye ezinzima [7]. Labo abavumela isigaba se-amorphoous sababisi futhi baqukethe i-polyester / polymeratere babizwa ngokuthi izingxenye ezithambile. Kwezentengiso, la ma-polymers abhulokazi ayaziwa ngokuthi yi-pus ehlukanisiwe

Isicelo:

I-Flexible Polyurethane ikakhulukazi iyindlela eqondile eqondile nge-thermoplasticity, okunokuqina okungcono, ukumelana kwamakhemikhali, ukuqina kanye nezindawo zemishini ukwedlula i-PVC FOAM, ngokuhlukahluka okuncane kokucindezela. Inokufakelwa okuhle okushisayo, ukufakwa okuzwakalayo, ukumelana okuthuthumelayo kanye nezakhiwo ezinobuthi. Ngakho-ke, isetshenziswa njengokupakishwa, ukufakwa okuzwakalayo kanye nezinto zohlunga. Ipulasitiki eqinile eqinile ingukukhanya, ukufakwa okuzwakalayo, ukufakwa okuphakeme okuphezulu, ukumelana kwamakhemikhali, izindawo ezinhle zikagesi, ukucubungula okulula kwamanzi. Isetshenziswa kakhulu njengezinto ezibonakalayo zokwakha, imoto, imboni yezindiza, ukufakwa kokushisa kanye nokufakelwa okushisayo. Ukusebenza kwe-polyurethane elastomer phakathi kwepulasitiki nenjoloba, ukumelana kawoyela, ukumelana kawoyela, ukumelana nokuphefumula, ukumelana kwamazinga okushisa, ukumelana nokuguga, ukuqina okuphezulu, ukuqina okuphezulu Isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi embonini yezicathulo kanye nemboni yezokwelapha. I-polyurethane nayo ingenziwa ngezinamathela, ukumboza, isikhumba sokwenziwa, njll.