I-Methyl Methacrylate (MMA) iyinto ebalulekile ebalulekile ye-organic Chemical Chemical ebonakalayo kanye ne-polymer monomer, esetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni ingilazi ye-organic, amapulasitiki wokubumba, ama-acrylics, izimbotshana ezisebenza ngezemithi ye-polymer, i-elekthronikhi Imininingwane, i-fiber optical fiber, amarobhothi nezinye izinkambu.

Njenge-monomer ebonakalayo, i-MMA isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ekukhiqizeni i-polymethyl methacrylate (eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-plexiglass, i-PMMA), futhi nayo ingaba yi-Computer namanye ama-polyvinyl chloride (PVC ) Izilinganiso ze-ACR, NBS kanye ne-monomer yesibili ekukhiqizweni kwe-acrylics.

Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo ezintathu zezinqubo ezivuthiwe zokukhiqizwa kwe-MMA ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe: I-Methacrylide hydrolysis indlela inqubo inqubo (Inqubo ye-MethacRene ne-Asahi Kasei) kanye ne-Ethylene Carbonyl Syntheris ( Indlela ye-BASF nendlela yeLucite Alpha).

1, Methacrylamide Hydrolysis indlela yokuqinisekisa
Le ndlela iyindlela yokukhiqiza yendabuko yendabuko, kufaka phakathi indlela ye-Acetoone Cyanohydrin kanye nendlela ye-methacrylonitritri, zombili ngemuva kwe-methamide hydrolysis, ukucaciswa kwe-methacrylamide phakathi kwe-hydrolysis, ukucaciswa kokuqonda kwe-MMA.

(1) I-Acetone CyanohyDrin Way (Indlela ye-ACH)

Indlela ye-ACH, eyakhiwe kuqala yi-US LUCITE, iyindlela yokuqala yokukhiqiza yezimboni ye-MMA, futhi futhi iyinqubo yokukhiqiza ye-MMA emhlabeni njengamanje. This method uses acetone, hydrocyanic acid, sulfuric acid and methanol as raw materials, and the reaction steps include: cyanohydrinization reaction, amidation reaction and hydrolysis esterification reaction.

Inqubo ye-ACH ivuthiwe ngobuchwepheshe, kepha inezinto ezinzima ezilandelayo:

○ ukusetshenziswa kwe-acid enobuthi kakhulu ye-hydrocyanic, okudinga izindlela eziqinile zokuzivikela ngesikhathi sokugcina, ukuthuthwa nokusetshenziswa;

Ukukhiqizwa kwenani elikhulu lezinsalela ze-acid (isisombululo esinamanzi nge-sulfuric acid ne-ammonium bisulfate njengezakhi eziphambili futhi ziqukethe inani elincane lezinto eziphilayo), inani layo elingu-2,5 ~ 3.5 lelo umthombo wokungcoliswa kwemvelo;

o Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwe-sulfuric acid, imishini yokulwa nokonakala iyadingeka, futhi ukwakhiwa kwensiza kuyabiza.

(2) Indlela ye-MethacRylonitriTle (Indlela Yendoda)

U-Asahi Kasei usungule inqubo ye-methacrylonitritritritritritritritritritritritritritritritritritritritritritritritria esekelwe endleleni yase-ach, okungukuthi, i-isobitylene noma i-tert-butanol i-anmonia ukuthola i-methacrylamia ukukhiqiza i-methacryrylamide ukukhiqiza i-sulfuric acid kanye ne-methanol ukukhiqiza MMA. Indlela yendoda ifaka ukusabela kwe-oxidation ye-ammonia, ukusabela kwezindawo zokuvuselela kanye nokusabela kwe-hydrolysis, futhi kungasebenzisa iningi lemishini yesitshalo se-ach. Ukusabela kwe-hydrolysis kusebenzisa i-sulfuric acid eyeqile, kanye nesivuno se-Methamemite Methacrylamide cishe i-100%. Kodwa-ke, indlela ine-acidi enobuthi ye-hydrocyanic acid ngemikhiqizo, i-hydrocyanic acid kanye ne-sulfuric acid kukhuliswe kakhulu, izidingo zemishini yokuphendula ziphezulu kakhulu, ngenkathi izikweletu zezemvelo ziphezulu kakhulu.

2, i-isobitylene oxidation umzila
I-IsobityLene Oxidation ibe yinto ekhethwayo yobuchwepheshe ezinkampanini ezinkulu emhlabeni ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu nokuvikelwa kwezemvelo, kepha umkhawulo wayo wezobuchwepheshe, kepha iJapan kuphela owake waba nobuchwepheshe emhlabeni futhi ivimbe ubuchwepheshe eChina. Indlela ifaka izinhlobo ezimbili zenqubo ye-Mitsubishi nenqubo ye-Asahi Kasei.

(1) Inqubo ye-Mitsubishi (Indlela ye-Isobitylene Yesinyathelo Esithathu)

I-Mitsubishi yaseJapan yathuthukisa inqubo entsha yokukhiqiza i-Isobitylene noma i-tert-butanol njenge-axidation eluhlaza, i-oxidation ezimbili zokukhetha umoya ngomoya ukuze uthole i-methanrylic acid (Maa), bese kubalwa nge-methanol. Ngemuva kokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni zaseMitsubishi Rayon, Inkampani yaseJapan Asahi Katei, iJapan Kyoto Monomer Company, Korea Lucky Company, njll. Uthole izimboni zezezimboni zangempela ngemuva kwesinye. Inkampani yeqembu laseShanghai Huayi Huayi itshale izinsizakusebenza eziningi zabantu nezezimali, kwathi ngemuva kweminyaka engu-15 yezizukulwane ezimbili eziqhubekayo, yathuthuka ngempumelelo ngokuzimela i-axidation ye-asobitylwetion Clear MMA, kwathi ngoDisemba 2017 , kuqediwe futhi kwasebenza ku-Operation A 5,000-Ton Indali Yezimboni inkampani ye-dongming huhuang etholakala eHeze, eShandong esiFundazweni, ngokuba yinkampani kuphela ngalobu buchwepheshe eChina. Ubuchwepheshe, nokwenza neChina izwe lesibili laba nobuchwepheshe obuthuthukile bokukhiqizwa kwe-MAA ne-MMA nge-oxidation ye-isobitylene.

(2) Inqubo ye-Asahi Kasei (inqubo yezinyathelo ezimbili)

I-Asahi Kasei Corporation isikhathi eside yazibophezela ekwakhiweni kwendlela yokucaciswa eqondile yokukhiqizwa kwe-MMA, okwakhiwa ngempumelelo futhi yasebenza ngo-1999 ngesitshalo sezimboni ezingama-60 eKawasaki, eJapan, futhi kamuva yandiswa ibe ngamathani ayi-100,000. Umzila wezobuchwepheshe uqukethe ukusabela kwezinyathelo ezimbili, okusho ukuthi i-axidation ye-isobitylene noma i-tert-butanol esigabeni segesi ngaphansi kwesenzo se-mo-bi composite oxide catalyst ukukhiqiza i-methacrolein (mal) Isigaba se-Liquid ngaphansi kwesenzo se-PD-PB Catalyst ukukhiqiza ngqo i-MMA, lapho ukucaciswa kwe-oxidative of mal kuyisinyathelo esingukhiye kule ndlela yokukhiqiza i-MMA. Indlela yenqubo ye-Asahi Katei ilula, ngezinyathelo ezimbili kuphela zokusabela nokuzama kuphela amanzi njengomkhiqizo, okuluhlaza futhi okunobungane, kepha ukwakheka nokulungiswa kwe-catalyst kufunwa kakhulu. Kubikwa ukuthi i-Asahi Katehi's oxidativation detalyst iye yathuthukiswa kusuka esizukulwaneni sokuqala se-PD-PB esizukulwaneni esisha se-Au-Nina Catalyst.

Ngemuva kokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni zika-Asahi Katei Technology, kusukela ngo-2003 kuya ku-2008, izikhungo zokucwaninga ezifuywayo zaqala ukucwaninga kwezocwaningo kule ndawo, ngamayunithi amaningana e-Excument University, i-Chinese Academy of Secures Engineering, iTianjin University kanye neHarbin Engineering University egxile Ekuthuthukisweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwe-PD-PB Catalysts, njll. Ngemuva konyaka we-2015, ucwaningo lwasekhaya nge-AU-NI Catalysts luqale olunye umjikelezo we-Boom, omele i-Chinede Institute of Ucwaningo oluncane lomshayeli, luqediwe ukusebenza kwenqubo yokulungiselela i-nano-Gold Catalyst, ukuhlolwa kwesimo sokuphendula kanye nokuvuselelwa okumi mpo okumjikelezo okusebenzayo kokuhlola, futhi manje sekusebenza ngokubambisana namabhizinisi ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bezimboni.

I-3, ethylene carbonyl synthesis indlela
Ubuchwepheshe be-ethylene carbonyl synonyl synthesis indlela yezezimboni ifaka inqubo ye-BASF nenqubo ye-ethylene-proppecic acid methyl ester.

(1) Indlela ye-Ethylene-proppic acid (inqubo ye-BASF)

Le nqubo iqukethe izinyathelo ezine: I-Ethylene ihlelwe nge-propionaldehyde, i-propuntaldehyde ihoxisiwe nge-formaldehyde ephendulwe ngokuphendula i-tubular, futhi i-maa ihlukaniswe futhi ihlanzwe ukukhiqiza i-MMA ngokuchazela nge methanol. Ukusabela isinyathelo esiyisihluthulelo. Inqubo idinga izinyathelo ezine, okuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu futhi idinga imishini ephezulu kanye nezindleko eziphezulu zokutshala imali, kuyilapho inzuzo izindleko eziphansi zezinto zokusetshenziswa.

Ama-ekhreji asezifuywayo nawo enziwe ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe kwe-ethylene-propylene-formaldehyde synthesis ye-MMA. Inkampani yeqembu le-2017, ngokubambisana neNanjing NOAO Materials Company neTianjin University, i-Tons Test yamathani angu-1 000 e-propylene-formaldehyde nge-MethacDehyde ephaketheni lenqubo yesitshalo esinezimboni ezingama-90,000. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Institute of Process Engineering ye-Chinese Academy of Sciences of Science, ngokubambisana neHenan Energy ne-Chemical Group, iqedele isitshalo sokushayela sezimboni esingu-1 000-i-Indandatho yezimboni futhi ifinyelelwe ngokuphumelelayo nokusebenza okuzinzile ngo-2018.

(2) Inqubo ye-Ethylene-MethTyl Pornionate (Inqubo yeLucite Alpha)

Izimo Zokusebenza Ezisebenzayo zeLucite Alpha ziwumnene, isivuno somkhiqizo ziphezulu, ukutshalwa kwezimali kwezitshalo nezindleko ezibonakalayo ezingavuthiwe ziphansi, futhi isilinganiso seyunithi elilodwa kulula ukwenza okukhulu, okwamanje kuphela iLucite enokulawulwa okukhethekile kwalobu buchwepheshe emhlabeni futhi akayona idluliselwe ezweni langaphandle.

Inqubo ye-alpha ihlukaniswe izinyathelo ezimbili:

Isinyathelo sokuqala ukusabela kwe-ethylene nge-CO ne-methanol ukukhiqiza i-methyl parp

Usebenzisa i-calladium-based homogeneous carboneneous carbonylivation catalyst, enezici zomsebenzi ophakeme, ukhethe ephezulu (99.9%) kanye nempilo yenkonzo ende, futhi ukusabela kwenziwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezimnene, kunciphisa imali enkulu yokutshala imali ;

Isinyathelo sesibili ukusabela kwe-methyl parp nge-formaldehyde ukwakha i-MMA

Kusetshenziswa i-catalyst ye-multi-Phales ehlukahlukene, enokukhethwa okuphezulu kwe-MMA. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, amabhizinisi asekhaya atshale umdlandla omkhulu ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe kwe-methyl coppionate kanye ne-formaldehyde ukuthuthukiswa kwe-catalyst kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwenqubo yokusabela embhedeni, kepha impilo ye-catalyst ihambile okwamanje izidingo zezimboni Izicelo.