I-MMA, eyaziwa ngokuphelele ngokuthi yi-methyl methacrylate, iyinto ebalulekile eluhlaza ekhiqizwayo ye-polymethyl methacrlate (PMMA), futhi eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi acrylic. Ngokuthuthukiswa kokulungiswa kwemboni kwe-PMMA, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-MMA Ikhava Yezimboni kudonswe emuva. Ngokwenhlolovo, kunezindlela ezintathu zokukhiqiza ezijwayelekile ze-MMA, okuyindlela ye-Acetone CyanohyDrin (indlela ye-ACHLene CarbonyLation nendlela ye-IsobityLele Oxidation (C4 indlela). Njengamanje, indlela ye-ACH ne-C4 indlela isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi kumabhizinisi okukhiqiza amaShayina, futhi akukho yunithi yokukhiqiza yezimboni yendlela ye-ethylene carbonylation.

Ukutadisha kwethu i-MMA Chain Chain ukuhlaziya izinqubo zokukhiqiza ezingenhla kanye nentengo ephansi ye-PMMA ye-PMMA ngokulandelana.

Umdwebo o-1 weshadi lokugeleza kwe-MMA Ikhava Yezimboni ngezinqubo ezahlukahlukene (umthombo wesithombe: Imboni yamakhemikhali)

I-Industry Chain I: ACH Methoy MMA Value Chain
In the production process of ACH method MMA, the main raw materials are acetone and hydrocyanic acid, where hydrocyanic acid is produced by-product of acrylonitrile, and auxiliary methanol, so the industry generally uses acetone, acrylonitrile and methanol as the cost to calculate the composition of raw materials. Phakathi kwazo, amathani angama-0,69 e-acetone kanye namathani angama-0,32 e-acrylonitrile namathani ayi-0,35 we-methanol abalwa njengokusetshenziswa kweyunithi. Ekwakhiweni kwezindleko zendlela ye-ACH MMA, i-Acetone Izindleko Ama-Akhawunti we-Akhawunti enkulu kunazo zonke, elandelwa yi-hydrocyanic acid ekhiqizwa ngumkhiqizo we-acrylonitrile, kanye ne-methanol account accords incane kakhulu.

Ngokusho kohlolo lokuhlobana kwentengo ye-Acetone, i-Methanol kanye ne-acrylonitrite eminyakeni emithathu edlule, kutholakala ukuthi ukuhlangana kwe-ACH Ney MMA nge-acetone cishe ngo-19%, nge-acrylonitrile cishe ngo-18%. Kuyabonakala ukuthi kunegebe phakathi kwalokhu kanye nesabelo sezindleko e-MMA, lapho isabelo esiphakeme se-acetone sezindleko ze-MMA singakwazi ukuboniswa ngokushintshana kwamanani entengo yentengo ye-ACH.

Kodwa-ke, isabelo sezindleko se-methanol singama-7% kuphela, kanti isabelo sezindleko se-acetone singaba ngu-26%. Ngokufundwa kwenani lentengo ye-MMA, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubheka izinguquko zezindleko ze-acetone.

Sekukonke, i-value chain ye-ACH MMA ikakhulukazi ivela ngokushintshashintsha kwezindleko ze-acetone ne-methanol, phakathi kwayo inomthelela omkhulu kunawo wonke ngenani le-MMA.

I-Industry Chain II: C4 Indlela ye-MMA Value Chain

Ukuze uthole i-value chain ye-C4 indlela ye-MMA, izinto zayo ezingavuthiwe yi-isobitylene ne-methanol, phakathi kwazo i-isobitylene ngumkhiqizo ophakeme we-isobityLene, okuvela ekukhiqizweni kwe-MTBE. Futhi i-methanol ingumkhiqizo we-methanol wezimboni, ovela ekukhiqizweni kwamalahle.

Ngokusho kokwakheka kwezindleko ze-C4 MMA, ukusetshenziswa kwezindleko eziguqukayo ze-Isobutene Unit yi-0.82 ne-methanol ngu-0.35. Ngenqubekela phambili yawo wonke umuntu kubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza, ukusetshenziswa kweyunithi kuncishisiwe kwaba ngu-0,8 embonini, okunciphise izindleko ze-C4 MMA ngezinga elithile. Ezinye ezinye ziyizindleko ezimisiwe, ezinjengamanzi, izindleko zikagesi kanye nezindleko zegesi, izindleko zezezimali, izindleko zokwelashwa kwendle nezinye.

Kulokhu, isabelo se-asylene ye-aslobutylene ephezulu ngezindleko ze-MMA cishe zingama-58%, futhi isabelo se-methanol ngezindleko ze-MMA cishe zingama-6%. Kungabonakala ukuthi i-Isobitene izindleko ezinkulu kakhulu eziguquguqukayo ku-C4 MMA, lapho ukuguquguquka kwentengo kwe-isobitene kunomthelela omkhulu kwizindleko ze-C4 MMA.

Umthelela we-Value Chain for High Purnity Isobitene ulandelwa emuva ekuguquguqukeni kwentengo ye-MTBE, edla ukusetshenziswa kweyunithi okungu-1.57 futhi kwakha ngaphezu kwama-80% wezindleko zokuhlanzeka okuphezulu kwe-avutene. Izindleko ze-MTBE nazo zivela ku-methanol nase-ether C4, lapho ukwakheka kwe-Pre-Ether C4 kungaxhunyaniswa ne-Feedstock ye-Faund Chain.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-ashonete ephezulu yokuhlanza i-aobilene ingakhiqizwa dert-buthanol dehydration, futhi amanye amabhizinisi azosebenzisa isisekelo sokubalwa kwezindleko ze-MMA, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwalo kweyunithi ye-tert-butanol kungu-1.52. Ngokokubalwa kwe-tert-butanol 6200 yuan / ton, ama-tert-buthanol ama-akhawunti acishe abe ngu-70% wezindleko ze-MMA, ezikhulu kune-isobitene.

Ngamanye amagama, uma kusetshenziswa intengo yokuxhumeka kwe-tert-butanol, ukuguquguquka kwenani lentengo yenani le-C4 Indlela ye-C4 MMA, isisindo sethonya se-tert-butanol sikhulu kunaleso se-isobitene.

Ukufingqa, ku-C4 MMA, isisindo sethonya sokuguquguquka kwenani sibalwa kusuka phezulu kuya phansi: I-Tert-Butanol, i-Isobitene, i-MTBE, i-Methanol, uwoyela ongahluziwe.

I-Industry Chain III: I-Ethylene Carbonylation MMA Chain Chain

Alikho icala lokukhiqizwa kwezimboni le-MMA ngu-Ethylene Carbotylation eChina, ngakho-ke umthelela wokuguquguquka kokushintshana awunakucatshangelwa ngokukhiqizwa kwangempela kwezimboni. Kodwa-ke, ngokusetshenziswa kweyunithi ye-Ethylene e-Ethylene Carbonylation, i-Ethylene iyithonya eliyisikhulu ekubusweni kwezindleko ze-MMA yale nqubo, okungaphezulu kwama-85%.

 
I-Induction Chain IV: I-PMMA VALULEKILE ISIQINISEKISO

I-PMMA, njengomkhiqizo ophansi we-MMA, ama-akhawunti angaphezu kwama-70% okusetshenziswa konyaka kwe-MMA.

Ngokusho kokwakheka kwenani le-PMMA, lapho ukusetshenziswa kweyunithi yeyunithi yokusebenzisa i-RMA kungu-0,400, i-MMA ibalwa ngokuya ngo-15,800 yuan / i-PMMA, izindleko eziguquguqukayo ze-MMA kuma-akhawunti acishe abe ngu-79%, okuyiphesenti eliphakeme kakhulu.

Ngamanye amagama, ukuguquguquka kwentengo ye-MMA kunethonya elinamandla ekushintsheni kwenani lenani le-PMMA, okuyithonya elinamandla lokuhlangana. Ngokusho kokuhlangana kokushintshashintsha kwentengo phakathi kwalaba bobabili eminyakeni emithathu edlule, ukuhlangana phakathi kwalokhu okubili kungaphezulu kwama-82%, okungokwethonya lokuhlobana okuqinile. Ngakho-ke, ukuguquguquka kwentengo ye-MMA kuzodala ukuguquguquka kwentengo ye-PMMA ngendlela efanayo ngethuba eliphakeme.