Izinto ezithinta indawo yokubilisa ye-tetrahydrofuran kanye nezicelo ezisebenzayo
I-Tetrahydrofuran (THF) iyi-solvent esetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yamakhemikhali ene-solvency ephezulu kanye nobuthi obuphansi, ngakho-ke isetshenziswe kabanzi emikhakheni yezemithi, amakhemikhali kanye nesayensi yezinto zokwakha. Kuleli phepha, sizoxoxa ngokujulile ngezici eziyisisekelo zendawo yokubilisa ye-tetrahydrofuran, izici ezithinta yona kanye nokubaluleka kwayo ekusebenziseni okungokoqobo.
I. Izakhiwo eziyisisekelo ze-tetrahydrofuran kanye nephuzu layo lokubilisa
I-Tetrahydrofuran (THF) iyi-ether eyi-cyclic enefomula yamakhemikhali ethi C4H8O. Njengesincibilikisi esisetshenziswa kakhulu, i-tetrahydrofuran iwuketshezi olungenambala nolubonisa ngale ekamelweni lokushisa futhi inokuguquguquka okukhulu. I-Tetrahydrofuran inephuzu lokubila elingu-66°C (cishe 339 K), elenza kube lula ukuhwamuka nokululama ezinqubweni eziningi zamakhemikhali. Iphuzu eliphansi lokubilisa le-Tetrahydrofuran liphinde lisho ukuthi lingasuswa ohlelweni lokusabela ngokushesha, kunciphise ukuphazamiseka kokusabela okulandelayo.
Izinto ezithinta indawo yokubilisa ye-tetrahydrofuran
Nakuba indawo yokubilisa ye-tetrahydrofuran inenani elinqunyiwe ezincwadini zamakhemikhali, empeleni indawo yokubilisa ye-tetrahydrofuran ingathinteka yizici eziningana:
Umthelela wengcindezi ye-ambient: Iphoyinti lokubilisa le-tetrahydrofuran liyahlukahluka ngokuya ngomfutho we-ambient. Ngomfutho womoya ojwayelekile, indawo yokubilisa ye-tetrahydrofuran ingu-66°C. Ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu noma ephansi, iphuzu lokubilisa lizoshintsha ngokufanele. Ngokuvamile, ukuphakama kwengcindezi, ukuphakama kwephuzu lokubilisa kwe-tetrahydrofuran; ngokuphambene, ku-vacuum, iphuzu elibilisayo lizokwehla.

Umthelela wokuhlanzeka: Ukungcola ku-tetrahydrofuran kuzoba nomthelela endaweni yayo yokubilisa. Uma isisombululo se-tetrahydrofuran siqukethe inani eliphezulu lamanzi noma okunye ukungcola kwe-solvent, iphuzu layo lokubilisa lingase lihluke ku-tetrahydrofuran ehlanzekile. Ikakhulukazi, ukuba khona komswakama, okuncibilika kancane emanzini, kungakha i-azeotrope ene-THF, okuholela ekushintsheni okuncane endaweni yokubilisa.

Izenzakalo ze-Azeotropic: Empeleni, i-tetrahydrofuran ivame ukuxutshwa nezinye izincibilikisi ukuze kwakhe izingxube ze-azeotropic. Amaphuzu abilayo wezingxube ezinjalo ngokuvamile ahlukile kulawo wezingxenye ezilodwa futhi i-azeotropy ihlanganisa inqubo yokuhlukanisa. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha i-tetrahydrofuran njenge-solvent, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuziphatha kwayo kwe-azeotropic nezinye izinhlanganisela.

III. Ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kwendawo yokubilisa ye-tetrahydrofuran embonini
Izakhiwo zamaphuzu abilayo e-tetrahydrofuran zinezicelo ezibalulekile ekukhiqizeni amakhemikhali:
Ukubuyiswa kanye nokusetshenziswa kabusha kwezincibilikisi: Njengoba i-tetrahydrofuran inephuzu eliphansi lokubilisa, kulula ukubuyiswa engxubeni yokusabela ngokufakwa kwe-distillation noma amanye amasu okuhlukanisa. Lesi sakhiwo asisizi nje ukunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza, kodwa futhi sinciphisa umthelela emvelweni.

Izicelo ku-polymerisation: Kwezinye izimo ze-polymerisation, i-tetrahydrofuran inephuzu lokubila elimaphakathi, elivumela ukuthi ilawule ngempumelelo izinga lokushisa lokusabela futhi iqinisekise ukuthi ukusabela kuqhubeka kahle. Ukuguquguquka kwayo kungabuye kususwe ngokushesha ekupheleni kokusabela, ukuvimbela imiphumela emibi ekuhlanzekeni komkhiqizo.

Isicelo ekuhlanganiseni kwezidakamizwa: I-Tetrahydrofuran ivame ukusetshenziswa njenge-solvent ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa kwezidakamizwa, iphuzu layo lokubilisa lilinganiselwe, elihambisana nokulawulwa okunembile kwezimo zokuphendula. Izakhiwo zokuhwamuka okusheshayo ze-Tetrahydrofuran ziyenza iphumelele kakhulu ezinqubweni zokuzihlukanisa ngemva kokusabela kanye nokuhlanza.

Isiphetho
Indawo yokubilisa ye-tetrahydrofuran ingenye yezakhiwo zayo ezibalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwezimboni. Ukuqonda indawo yokubilisa ye-tetrahydrofuran kanye nezici zayo ezithonya kungasiza izinkampani zamakhemikhali ukuthi zilawule kangcono izimo zokusabela ekukhiqizeni kwangempela futhi zithuthukise ikhwalithi nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kwemikhiqizo. Ukusetshenziswa ngendlela efanele kwezici zayo eziphansi zokubilisa kungasiza ukuzuza ukugaywa kabusha okusebenzayo kwezisetshenziswa kanye nokuthuthukiswa okusimeme kwendawo ezungezile. Uma ukhetha futhi usebenzisa i-tetrahydrofuran njenge-solvent, ukucabangela ngokugcwele izici zayo zamaphuzu abilayo kanye nezici ezithonya kuyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle kwezinqubo zamakhemikhali.