Izakhiwo ZeNitrojeni: Ukubheka Kaningi Ngegesi Ebalulekile Embonini Yamakhemikhali
Njengegesi ye-inert evamile embonini yamakhemikhali, i-nitrogen isetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni okuhlukahlukene kanye nezinqubo zokuhlola ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo eziyingqayizivele zomzimba namakhemikhali. Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngezakhiwo ze-nitrogen ngokuningiliziwe ukuze sikusize uqonde kangcono ukubaluleka kwaleli gesi embonini.
I. Izinto Eziyisisekelo Zomzimba Ze-nitrogen
I-nitrogen (N₂) iyigesi engenambala, engenaphunga futhi engenabuthi ekamelweni lokushisa nokucindezela. Isisindo sayo semolekyuli singu-28.0134 g/mol futhi ukuminyana kungu-1.2506 kg/m³, elula kancane kunomoya. Ekukhiqizweni kwamakhemikhali, i-nitrogen ivamise ukusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izindawo ezinezinga lokushisa eliphansi ngenxa yezinga layo eliphansi lokubila (-195.8°C), futhi i-nitrogen eyiketshezi ivamise ukusetshenziswa njengesibambisi. Ukuncibilika okuphansi kanye ne-nitrogen conductivity kagesi ephansi kuyenza isebenziseke kakhulu kwezinye izindawo ezikhethekile.
Okwesibili, ukungabi namakhemikhali kwe-nitrogen
Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-nitrogen ukungabi namandla kwamakhemikhali. Emazingeni okushisa ajwayelekile nezingcindezi, i-molecule ye-nitrogen (N₂) izinzile kakhulu ngoba iqukethe ama-athomu amabili e-nitrogen axhunywe isibopho esiphindwe kathathu, okwenza ingasebenzi ekuphenduleni kwamakhemikhali okuningi. Lokhu kungasebenzi kwamakhemikhali kunenzuzo ezinhlelweni eziningi zezimboni, isibonelo, uma kusetshenziselwa ukushisela, ukugcinwa kokudla kanye negesi evikelayo ekuphenduleni kwamakhemikhali, i-nitrogen ivimbela ngokuphumelelayo i-oxidation, ukuvutha nokunye ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okungafuneki.
III. Ukuphepha kanye nomthelela wemvelo we-nitrogen
Nakuba i-nitrogen isetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yamakhemikhali, ukuphepha kwayo kuseyinkinga ebalulekile. Nakuba i-nitrogen ngokwayo ingenabo ubuthi, ukuvuza kwenani elikhulu le-nitrogen endaweni evalekile kungase kuholele ekwehliseni ukugcwala komoyampilo, okungase kubangele ingozi yokuphefumula. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukungena komoya okuhle kanye nezinqubo eziqinile zokuphepha lapho usebenzisa i-nitrogen. Njengoba i-nitrogen ingeke isabele nezinye izingxenye ezisemkhathini, ayinangozi emvelweni futhi ngeke iholele kumphumela obamba ukushisa noma ibhubhise ungqimba lwe-ozone.
IV. I-Industrial Application of Nitrogen
I-nitrogen inezinhlobo eziningi zokusebenza embonini yamakhemikhali ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezihlukile. Isibonelo, ekuphenduleni kwamakhemikhali, i-nitrogen ivame ukusetshenziswa njengegesi ye-inert ukuvimbela i-oxidation noma i-hydrolysis yama-reactants; embonini yokudla, i-nitrogen isetshenziselwa ukupakisha nokugcinwa ukuze kunwetshwe isikhathi seshelufu sokudla; ekukhiqizeni i-electronic, i-nitrogen isetshenziselwa ukuvikela izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ezibucayi kumswakama noma i-oxidation.
Isifinyezo
Ngokuhlaziya izakhiwo ze-nitrogen ngokuningiliziwe, singabona ukuthi i-nitrogen iyigesi ebalulekile futhi ebalulekile embonini yamakhemikhali ngenxa yokusimama kwayo ngokomzimba kanye nokungabi namandla kwamakhemikhali. Ukuqonda nokuphatha kahle izakhiwo ze-nitrogen akusizi kuphela ukusebenza okuphephile, kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwezimboni. Ekuthuthukisweni kwesikhathi esizayo kobuchwepheshe, amandla okufaka i-nitrogen azoqhubeka nokukhula, anikeze izixazululo ezengeziwe ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene.