I-Dimethyl Carbonate iyingxenye ebalulekile ye-organic esetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yamakhemikhali, umuthi, ama-elekthronikhi kanye nezinye izinkambu. Le ndatshana izokwethula inqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nendlela yokulungiselela ye-Dimethyl Carbonate.

1, inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-dimethyl carbonate

Inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-Dimethyl Carbonate ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: indlela yamakhemikhali nendlela yomzimba.

1) indlela yamakhemikhali

I-Chemical synthesis reaction equation ye-Dimethyl Carbonate yile: Ch3oh + CO2 → CH3OCO2CH3

I-Methanol yizinto ezingavuthiwe ze-dimethyl carbonate, negesi yekhabhoni yi-active. Inqubo yokuphendula idinga i-catalyst.

Kunama-catalysts ahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi i-sodium hydroxide, i-calcium oxide, i-copper oxide, ne-carbonate. I-Carbonate Ester inomphumela omuhle kakhulu we-catalytic, kepha ukukhethwa kwe-catalyst nakho kudinga ukubheka izici ezifana nezindleko kanye nemvelo.

Inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-Dimethyl Carbonate ikakhulukazi ifaka izinyathelo ezinjenge-methanol ukuhlanzwa, ukusabela kokushisa, ukuhlukaniswa kwenqubo, njll. Isikhathi sokuphendula, isikhathi esiqinile samapharamitha afana nokuthuthuka futhi ubumsulwa.

2) Indlela Yomzimba

Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokukhiqiza i-Dimethyl Carbonate: Indlela yokutholwa kanye nendlela yokucindezela.

Indlela yokumunca isebenzisa i-methanol njengomunca futhi uphendula nge-CO2 emazingeni okushisa aphansi ukukhiqiza i-dimethyl carbonate. I-Absorbent ingasetshenziswa kabusha, futhi i-carbon dioxide ekhiqizwe ukusabela nayo ingaphinde isetshenziswe kabusha, kepha izinga lokuphendula lihamba kancane futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuphezulu.

Umthetho wokucindezela usebenzisa izakhiwo ezibonakalayo ze-CO2 ukuthintana ne-methanol ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu, ngaleyo ndlela uzuze ukulungiswa kwe-dimethyl carbonate. Le ndlela inesilinganiso sokuphendula esisheshayo, kepha idinga imishini yokucindezela amandla ephezulu futhi iyabiza.

Izindlela ezimbili ezingenhla zinezinzuzo zazo nokubi, futhi zingakhethwa ngokusekelwe kwizidingo zesicelo kanye nezinto zomnotho.

2, indlela yokulungiselela ye-dimethyl carbonate

Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokulungiselela i-Dimethyl Carbonate, futhi okulandelayo kuyizindlela ezimbili ezisetshenziswayo:

1) Indlela ye-Methanol

Le yindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu yokulungiselela i-Dimethyl Carbonate. Izinyathelo ezithile zokusebenza zimi ngokulandelayo:

(1) Faka i-methanol ne-potassium carbonate / i-sodium carbonate / i-sodium carbonate, futhi ukushisa ekushiseni kokuphendula ngenkathi kuvusa;

(2) engeza kancane i-CO2, qhubeka uvuse, futhi upholile ngemuva kokuthi ukusabela sekuqediwe;

(3) Sebenzisa i-deghation funner ukuhlukanisa le ngxube futhi uthole i-dimethyl carbonate.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izinga lokushisa, ingcindezi, isikhathi sokuphendula, kanye nohlobo nenani le-catalyst kudingeka kulawulwe ngesikhathi senqubo yokusabela ukuthuthukisa isivuno kanye nobumsulwa.

2) Indlela ye-Oxygen Oxidation

Ngaphezu kwendlela ye-methanol, indlela ye-oxidation ye-oxygen nayo isetshenziselwa ukulungiswa kwe-dimethyl carbonate. Le ndlela kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi ingafinyelela ukukhiqizwa okuqhubekayo.

Izinyathelo ezithile zokusebenza zimi ngokulandelayo:

(1) Faka i-methanol kanye ne-catalyst, ukushisa kokushisa kokuphendula ngenkathi kuvusa;

(2) engeza igesi yomoya-mpilo ohlelweni lokuphendula futhi uqhubeke nokuvusa;

(3) Hlukanisa, distill, futhi uhlanze ingxube yokusabela ukuze uthole i-dimethyl carbonate.

Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi indlela ye-oxidation ye-oxygen idinga ukulawulwa kwamapharamitha anjengezinga lokuhlinzekwa kanye nokushisa kwegesi komoya-mpilo, kanye nengxenye yezinto zokuphendula, ukuthuthukisa ukukhishwa.

Ngokwethulwa kwalesi sihloko, singafunda ngenqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nezindlela zokulungiselela ze-Dimethyl Carbonate. Ukusuka esakhiweni samangqamuzana ukuchaza okuningiliziwe kwenqubo yokuphendula kanye nendlela yokukhiqiza, sinikeze uhlelo oluphelele nolunembile lolwazi. Ngiyethemba ukuthi le ndatshana ingagqugquzela ukufunda nokucwaninga kwabafundi kulo mkhakha.