Iyini i-ejenti ye-PAM? Incazelo eningiliziwe yokusetshenziswa kanye nomsebenzi we-polyacrylamide
Isingeniso
Embonini yamakhemikhali, i-PAM (i-polyacrylamide) iyi-ejenti ebaluleke kakhulu, esetshenziswa kabanzi ekwelapheni amanzi, ukukhishwa kwamafutha, iphepha kanye nezinye izinkambu.PAM ekugcineni iyini i-ejenti? Yiziphi ukusetshenziswa kwayo okuqondile kanye nemisebenzi? Lesi sihloko sizokunikeza ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe kwalezi zinkinga.
Yini i-PAM?
I-PAM, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-polyacrylamide (Polyacrylamide), i-polymer encibilika emanzini. Ivamise ukubakhona ngendlela yempushana emhlophe noma ama-granules, ancibilika kalula emanzini, kodwa ayincibiliki ezihlangwini eziningi zemvelo. Ngenxa yezindawo zayo eziyingqayizivele zokuguqa, ukuqina, ukunciphisa ukuhudula kanye nokuwohloka, i-PAM inohlu olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza emikhakheni yezimboni eziningana.
Indima ye-PAM ekwelashweni kwamanzi
Enye yezinto ezisetshenziswa kabanzi ze-PAM njenge-ejenti yokwelapha amanzi. Ekwelashweni kwamanzi angcolile, i-PAM isetshenziswa kakhulu njenge-flocculant. Iqhaza lama-flocculants ukusheshisa ukuhlalisa kanye nokuhlukanisa ngokususa inkokhiso emanzini angcolile kanye nokuyenga izinhlayiya ezimisiwe ukuba zihlangane zibe iziqephu ezinkulu. Lokhu kubalulekile ekwenzeni ngcono ukusebenza kahle kanye nokuhlanzeka kokuhlanza indle.I-PAM ingasetshenziswa futhi ekuhlanzeni amanzi okuphuza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izinga lamanzi liyahlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuphepha.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-PAM ekukhishweni kwamafutha
I-PAM nayo iyi-ejenti ebalulekile embonini yokukhipha uwoyela. Isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi i-Polymer Flooding ku-technology yokubuyisela uwoyela esikhungweni semfundo ephakeme.I-PAM ithuthukisa i-viscosity yamanzi ajovwe futhi ithuthukise isilinganiso sokugeleza kwamanzi kawoyela, ngaleyo ndlela ikhulise izinga lokubuyisela uwoyela ongahluziwe. Le ndlela ayikwazi nje ukuthuthukisa ngempumelelo ukusebenza kahle kokukhishwa kwamafutha, kodwa futhi yandise impilo yensimu yamafutha, enokubaluleka okubalulekile kwezomnotho nezemvelo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-PAM embonini yamaphepha
I-PAM nayo idlala indima ebalulekile embonini yamaphepha. Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa njengendlela yokulondoloza kanye nokuhlunga ku-pulp. Ngokungeza i-PAM, izinga lokugcinwa kwemicu emihle kanye nama-fillers ku-pulp lingandiswa, ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwemicu kanye nokugcwalisa ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza iphepha, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi nokukhiqiza kwephepha.PAM iphinde ithuthukise ukusebenza kokukhipha amanzi kwe-pulp futhi inciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.
Izicelo ze-PAM kwezinye izimboni
Ngaphezu kwezicelo eziyinhloko ezishiwo ngenhla, i-PAM isetshenziswa kabanzi ezindwangu, ukucubungula ukudla, imithi kanye nezimonyo. Isibonelo, embonini yendwangu, i-PAM isetshenziselwa ukulinganisa izintambo kanye nokwelashwa kokuphrinta nokudaya amanzi angcolile; ekusetshenzisweni kokudla, i-PAM isetshenziswa njenge-thickener noma i-stabiliser; nakwezemithi nezimonyo, i-PAM isetshenziswa njengensiza ekulungiseni nasekuhlanganiseni ukuthuthukisa ukuthungwa nokusebenza kwemikhiqizo.
Isiphetho
Kusukela ekuhlaziyweni okungenhla, kungabonakala ukuthi i-PAM iyi-ejenti yamakhemikhali esebenzayo esetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi, njengokwelashwa kwamanzi, ukukhishwa kwe-petroleum, nokwenza iphepha. Izici zayo zamakhemikhali eziyingqayizivele ziyenza ibe nendima ebalulekile ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, ukuqonda "yini i-agent ye-PAM" akusizi nje kuphela ukubamba ulwazi oluyisisekelo lwemboni yamakhemikhali, kodwa futhi kunikeza isiqondiso sokusetshenziswa okungokoqobo kwezimboni ezihlukahlukene.