Uyayikhumbula i-melamine? Yisici "sobisi se-powder" esidumile, kodwa ngokumangazayo, kungahle "kuguqulwe".

NgoFebhuwari 2, kwakhishwa iphepha lokucwaninga ngemvelo, iphephabhuku lesayensi eliholayo lomhlaba jikelele, lithi i-balamine lengenziwa ngokhuni olunzima kunensimbi futhi lilula kunepulasitiki, kumangala kakhulu. Leli phepha lanyatheliswa yiqembu eliholwa yizinto ezaziwayo zososayensi uMichael Strano, onguMnyango Wobunjiniyela Bamakhemikhali eMassachusetts Institute of Technology yuwei Zeng.

Kubikwa ukuthi baqamba igamaimpahla in inKusuka ku-Melamine 2DPA-1, i-polymer enezici ezimbili ezizihlanganisa zibe ngamashidi ukuze kwakhiwe okuncane kakhulu, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu, lapho kufakwa khona amalungelo obunikazi ababili.

I-Melamine, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-Dimethyyamine, ikristalu emhlophe ye-monoclinic ebukeka ifana nobisi p

I-Melamine ayinambitha futhi incibilikisa kancane emanzini, kepha futhi e-methanol, i-formaldehyde, i-acetic acid, i-pyridine, i-pyridine, njy. Kuyinto infoluble e-acetone nather. Kuyingozi emzimbeni womuntu, futhi bobabili i-China futhi abachaze ukuthi i-balamine akufanele isetshenziswe ekusebenzeni kokudla noma izithasiselo zokudla, ikakhulukazi ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo, ikakhulukazi ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo, ikakhulukazi ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo, ikakhulukazi kuma-piepers, amapuleti, amapuleti kanye neminye imikhiqizo inezicelo eziningi.

Ifomula ye-molecular of melamine yi-C3H6N6 kanti isisindo samangqamuzana singu-126.12. Ngokusebenzisa ifomula yayo yamakhemikhali, singazi ukuthi i-balamine iqukethe izinto ezintathu, ikhabhoni, i-hydrogen ne-nitrogen, futhi iqukethe amasongo e-carbon kanye ne-nitrogen, futhi ama-hydrogen atholakala ezinhlakeni ezimbili azolungiswa ndawonye, ​​okwenza kube ngama-hydrogen bondes Ama-molecule azohlelwa ndawonye, ​​okwenza kwakha ukwakheka kwe-disc ekubambeni njalo, njengokwakheka kwe-hexagol okusungulwe yi-graphe enezinhlangothi ezimbili, futhi i-melamine iguqulwa ibe yiphepha eliphakeme kakhulu elinezici ezimbili ezibizwa nge-polyamides.

Okuqukethwe nakho kungelula ukukhiqiza, kusho uStrano, futhi kungakhiqizwa ngokuzenzakalelayo kusixazululo, lapho ifilimu ye-2DPA-1 ingasuswa kamuva, inikeze indlela enzima kakhulu kodwa enzima ngokwengeziwe.

Abaphenyi bathola ukuthi izinto ezintsha zine-modulus yokuqina, isilinganiso samandla adingekayo ukuze awonakalise, lokho kudla kane kuya kweziyisithupha kunalokho ingilazi yezinhlamvu. Baphinde bathola ukuthi yize beba munye-nesithupha bukhulu njengensimbi, i-polymer inamandla aphindwe kabili, noma amandla adingekayo ukuphula impahla.

Enye impahla ebalulekile yezinto ezibonakalayo yi-Astightness yayo. Ngenkathi amanye ama-polmer aqukethe amaketanga asontekile anezikhala lapho igesi engaphunyuka khona, impahla entsha iqukethe ama-monomers anamathela ndawonye njengamabhulokhi we-LEGO nama-molecule awakwazi ukuthola phakathi kwawo.

Lokhu kusivumela ukuthi sakhe izigqoko ze-Ultra-mncane ezimelana ngokuphelele nokungena kwamanzi noma igesi, "kusho ososayensi. Lolu hlobo lokubopha izithiyo lungasetshenziselwa ukuvikela izinsimbi ezimotweni nakwezinye izimoto noma izakhiwo zensimbi."

Manje abacwaningi bafunda ukuthi le polymer ethile ingakhiwa kanjani ngamashidi anezici ezimbili ngemininingwane eminingi futhi izama ukuguqula ukwakheka kwayo kwamangqamuzana ukudala ezinye izinhlobo zezinto ezintsha.

Kuyacaca ukuthi lokhu okuqukethwe kuyinto efiselekayo kakhulu, futhi uma kungakhiqizwa isisindo, kungaletha ushintsho olukhulu kwizimoto, ze-aerospace, nezinkundla zokuvikela ama-ballistic. Ikakhulu emkhakheni wezimoto ezintsha ze-Energy, yize amazwe amaningi ahlela ukususa izimoto zikaphethiloli ngemuva kwe-2035, kepha uhla lwemoto entsha yamandla entsha iseyinkinga. Uma lokhu okuqukethwe okusha kungasetshenziswa emkhakheni wezimoto, kusho ukuthi isisindo sezimoto ezintsha zizoncishiswa kakhulu, kodwa futhi futhi sinciphise ukulahleka kwamandla, okuzothuthukisa ngokungaqondile uhla lwezimoto ezintsha zamandla.