Isimo sembulunga yonke sishintsha ngokushesha, sithinta isakhiwo sendawo yamakhemikhali esakhiwe ngekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Njengemakethe yabathengi amakhulu emhlabeni, kancane kancane yenza umsebenzi obalulekile wokuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali. Imboni yamakhemikhali yaseYurophu iyaqhubeka ukuthuthukisa imboni yamakhemikhali aphezulu. Umkhakha wamakhemikhali waseNyakatho Melika uvunza "ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke kwezohwebo lwamakhemikhali. Imboni yamakhemikhali eMpumalanga Ephakathi naseMpumalanga Yurophu ikhulisa kancane kancane kancane kancane iketanga layo lezimboni, ithuthukisa amandla okusetshenziswa kwezinto zokwenziwa komhlaba kanye nokuncintisana komhlaba wonke. Umkhakha wamakhemikhali emhlabeni jikelele uzinikela izinzuzo zawo ukusheshisa intuthuko yazo, futhi iphethini yomkhakha wamakhemikhali wembulunga yonke ingashintsha kakhulu esikhathini esizayo.
Umkhuba wentuthuko wemboni yamakhemikhali omhlaba wonke ufingqiwe kanjena:
Isimo esithi "Double Carbon" singashintsha ukuma kwamasu amabhizinisi amaningi e-petrochemical
Amazwe amaningi emhlabeni amemezele ukuthi "i-carbon ephindwe kabili" China izofinyelela inani layo ngo-2030 futhi ibe yisimo sekhabhoni ngo-2060.
Njengoba imboni ye-petrochemical ibangela ingxenye enkulu yokukhishwa kwekhabhoni, imboni edinga ukwenza izinguquko ezinkulu ngaphansi komkhuba we-carbon. Ukulungiswa kwamasu amabhizinisi asuka e-petrochemical ukuphendula umphambili we-carbon bekulokhu kugxilwe embonini.
Ngaphansi komkhuba omabili wekhabhoni, ukulungiswa kwamasu okulungiswa kwama-oyela ama-oyela aseYurophu naseMelika empeleni kuyafana. Phakathi kwazo, izindondo zamafutha aseMelika zizogxila ekuthuthukisweni kwe-carbon Capture kanye ne-Carbon Faculing Technologies ehlobene nokwabopha uphawu, futhi zikhulisa amandla amakhulu we-bigoomass. Ama-European nezinye iziqhwaga zamafutha omhlaba wonke ashiye ukugxila kwawo emandleni avuselelekayo, ugesi ohlanzekile nezinye izinkomba.
Esikhathini esizayo, ngaphansi komkhuba wentuthuko ophelele we- "Dual Carbon", imboni yamakhemikhali yomhlaba wonke ingahle ibe nezinguquko ezinkulu. Amanye ama-giants omhlaba wonke wamazwe omhlaba angavela kusuka kubahlinzeki benkonzo yamafutha bangempela kubanikezeli bezinsizakalo ezintsha zamandla, eshintsha ukuma kwezezimali kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule.
Amabhizinisi amakhemikhali omhlaba wonke azoqhubeka ukusheshisa ukulungiswa okuhlelekile
Ngokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yomhlaba wonke, ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni kanye nokusebenzisa ukuthuthukiswa okulethwa yimakethe yokugcina kuthuthukise imakethe yamakhemikhali entsha ephezulu kanye nomjikelezo omusha wokulungiswa nokwenziwa ngcono kwesakhiwo semboni yamakhemikhali esemhlabeni jikelele.
Ukuze uthole ukuqondiswa kwesakhiwo sezimboni zomhlaba wonke, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungukuthuthuka kwamandla we-biomass namandla amasha; Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinto ezintsha, izinto ezisebenzayo, amakhemikhali we-elekthronikhi, izinto zefilimu, ama-catalysts amasha, njll. Ngaphansi kobuholi bezimboni ezintsha zomhlaba wonke kuzogxila ezintweni ezintsha, isayensi yempilo kanye nesayensi yezemvelo.
Ukukhanya kwezinto zokwenziwa kwamakhemikhali eziluhlaza kuletha ukuguqulwa komhlaba wonke kwesakhiwo somkhiqizo wamakhemikhali
Ngokukhula kwama-shale kawoyela e-United States, i-United States isishintshe isuka ku-net attent ongenisiwe emafutheni angaphandle athumela ngaphandle kwesakhiwo samandla, kodwa futhi abe nomthelela omkhulu esakhiweni samandla emhlabeni jikelele. I-US Shale Amafutha uhlobo lwamafutha aluhlaza okotshani, kanye nokwanda kokuhlinzekwa ngowoyela ka-US Shale okulula kwandisa ngokukhanyayo i-global blow blow i-crude kawoyela yokuthola uwoyela.
Kodwa-ke, kuze kufinyelele eChina, iChina ingumthengi we-oyili omhlaba wonke. Amaphrojekthi amaningi wokucwengwa kwamafutha kanye namaphrojekthi wokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali okwakhiwa ngokuningilisiwe kusekelwe ngokugcweleIbanga le-Distillation ibanga lokucutshungulwa kawoyela, oludinga hhayi kuphela uwoyela ongahluphi kuphela kodwa futhi uwoyela osindayo ongahluziwe.

Ngokombono wokuhlinzekwa kanye nokufunwa, kulindeleke ukuthi umehluko wamanani wezwe lonke phakathi kokukhanya nowoyela ongahluziwe uzohamba kancane kancane, ulethe imithelela elandelayo embonini yamakhemikhali embulunga yonke:
Okokuqala, ukuhlukaniswa kokuphikisana phakathi kwamafutha akhanyayo futhi asindayo ngenxa yokuncipha komehluko wamanani kawoyela phakathi kwemodeli yentengo kawoyela, okulungele ukusebenza kwezimpahla ezizinzile ze-Global Crude Market.
Okwesibili, ngokwanda kokuhlinzekwa ngowoyela okukhanyayo kanye nokwehla kwentengo, kulindeleke ukuthi kwandise ukusetshenziswa komhlaba kawoyela okulula futhi kwandise ukwalelwa kweNaphtha. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi komkhuba we-Global Light Opting Feedstock, ukusetshenziswa kweNaphtha kulindeleke ukuthi kunciphe, okungaholela ekukhuphukeni kokuphikisana phakathi kokuhlinzekwa kweNaphtha kanye nokusebenzisa, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise ukulindelwa kwenani leNaphtha.
Okwesithathu, ukukhula kokutholakala kowoyela okukhanyayo kuzonciphisa ukuphuma kwemikhiqizo ephansi ye-Downstream kusetshenziswa i-Petroleum ephelele njengezinto ezibonakalayo, okufana nemikhiqizo yentuthuko, kungakhuphula ukuncishiswa kwemikhiqizo ye-aromatics, okungakhuphula ukuncishiswa kwemikhiqizo ehlobene nemakethe.
Okwesine, ukuncipha komehluko wamanani kawoyela phakathi kwezinto zokwakha ezilula nezisindayo kungakhulisa izindleko ezibonakalayo ezingavuthiwe zamabhizinisi ahlangene okuhlaziya, ngaleyo ndlela anciphise ukulindelwa kwenzuzo kwamaphrojekthi wokuhlaziya okuhlangene. Ngaphansi kwalolu hlelo, kuzothuthukisa futhi ukuthuthukiswa kwezinga elihlanziwe lamabhizinisi ahlangene ahlangene.
Imboni yamakhemikhali yomhlaba wonke ingakhuthaza ukuhlanganiswa okuningi nokutholwa
Ngaphansi kwesizinda se- "Double Carbon", "inguquko yesakhiwo samandla" kanye "nokulwa nomhlaba jikelele" kanye nemvelo yokuncintisana yama-SME izoba nzima ngokwengeziwe, kanye nokuvikelwa kobuchwepheshe, imali, inzuzo, ubuchwepheshe, ubuqili, ubuchwepheshe bokuvikelwa kwezemvelo kuzothinta ama-SMEs.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, ama-giants ase-petrochemical akwenziwa ngokuhlanganiswa okuphelele kwebhizinisi nokwenza kahle. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kancane kancane bazoqeda ibhizinisi lendabuko le-petrochemical ngokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphezulu, inani eliphansi elingeziwe nokungcoliswa okuphezulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuze kufinyelelwe ukugxila kwebhizinisi lomhlaba wonke, ama-petrochemical giants azowanaka kakhulu ukuhlanganisa nokuzitholela. Isilinganiso sokusebenza kanye nobungako be-M & A kanye nokuhlelwa kabusha nakho kuyisisekelo esibalulekile sokuhlola umjikelezo wemboni yamakhemikhali endawo. Kuyiqiniso, ngokuqondene nomnotho osafufusa, basazikhandla njengemodeli yentuthuko enkulu futhi bazuze ukwanda okusheshayo nokwakheka okukhulu ngokufuna imali.
Kulindelwe ukuthi imboni yamakhemikhali ukuhlanganiswa nokuhlelwa kabusha kuzogxila kakhulu emazweni athuthukile anjengeYurophu nase-United States, kanye nomnotho ovelayo omelwe yiChina kungabamba iqhaza ngokulinganisela.
Ukuqondiswa kwamasu okuphakathi nendawo okuhlala isikhathi eside kwama-giants amakhemikhali kungagxila kakhulu esikhathini esizayo
Kuyisu lokulondolozwa lokulandela ukuqondiswa kwamasu wokuthuthukiswa kwama-Gommanical Giants, kepha kunesivumelwano esithile.
Kuzo zonke izinyathelo ezithathwe yi-petrochemical giants, eziningi zazo zaqala emkhakheni othile wobungcweti, zabe seziqala ukusabalalisa futhi zandise. I-Logic yentuthuko ephelele ine-perionicity ethile, ukuguqulwa kwe-Divergence Recience Re Dipvergence ... Okwamanje kanye nesikhathi esithile esikhathini esizayo, ama-Giants angaba semijikelezweni yokuguquguquka, anamagatsha amaningi, ubudlelwano obuningi kanye nokuqondisa okugxilwe kuwo. Isibonelo, i-BASF izoba yisiqondisi esibalulekile sokuthuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa kwamasu ezitsheni, ama-catalysts, izinto ezisebenzayo kanye neminye imikhakha, futhi iHuntsman izoqhubeka nokuthuthukisa ibhizinisi layo le-polyurethane ngokuzayo.