Isopropanoliyinhlanganisela evamile yezinto eziphilayo esetshenziswa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa izibulala-magciwane, izinyibilikisi, nezinto zokusetshenziswa zamakhemikhali. Inezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo embonini nempilo yansuku zonke. Kodwa-ke, ukuqonda inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-isopropanol kubaluleke kakhulu kithi ukuze siqonde kangcono izakhiwo zayo kanye nezicelo. Lesi sihloko sizonikeza isingeniso esiningiliziwe senqubo yokukhiqiza ye-isopropanol kanye nezindaba zayo ezihlobene.

Umzimba oyinhloko:

Indlela ye-1.Synthesis ye-isopropanol

I-Isopropanol ikhiqizwa ngokuyinhloko yi-hydration ye-propylene. I-Propylene hydration iyinqubo yokusabela kwe-propylene ngamanzi ukukhiqiza isopropanol ngaphansi kwesenzo se-catalyst. Ama-Catalyst adlala indima ebalulekile kule nqubo, njengoba angasheshisa amazinga okusabela futhi athuthukise ukukhetha komkhiqizo. Njengamanje, ama-catalyst asetshenziswa kakhulu ahlanganisa i-sulfuric acid, i-alkali metal oxides, nama-resin exchange ion.

2.Umthombo we-propylene

I-propylene iphuma ikakhulukazi ezintweni zokubasa ezimbiwa phansi ezifana nowoyela negesi yemvelo. Ngakho-ke, inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-isopropanol incike ngezinga elithile emafutheni ezinto ezimbiwa phansi. Kodwa-ke, ngokuqwashisa okwandayo kokuvikelwa kwemvelo nokuthuthukiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo, abantu bahlola izindlela ezintsha zokukhiqiza i-propylene, njengokuvutshelwa kwezinto eziphilayo noma ukuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali.

3.Ukugeleza kwenqubo yokukhiqiza

Inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-isopropanol ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa izinyathelo ezilandelayo: i-propylene hydration, i-catalyst recovery, ukuhlukaniswa komkhiqizo, nokucwengwa. I-propylene hydration ivela ekushiseni okuthile nasekucindezelweni, lapho i-catalyst yengezwa engxube ye-propylene namanzi. Ngemva kokuqedwa kokusabela, i-catalyst idinga ukubuyiswa ukuze kwehliswe izindleko zokukhiqiza. Ukuhlukaniswa nokulungiswa komkhiqizo kuyinqubo yokuhlukanisa i-isopropanol kusukela kungxube yokusabela nokuyicwenga ukuze uthole umkhiqizo ohlanzekile kakhulu.

Isiphetho:

I-Isopropanol iyinhlanganisela ebalulekile ye-organic enokusetshenziswa okuningi. Inqubo yokukhiqiza ikakhulukazi ihilela ukusabela kwe-hydration ye-propylene, futhi i-catalyst idlala indima ebalulekile kule nqubo. Kodwa-ke, kusenezinkinga ezithile ngohlobo lwe-catalyst esetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni i-isopropanol kanye nomthombo we-propylene, njengokungcoliswa kwemvelo nokusetshenziswa kwezinsiza. Ngakho-ke, sidinga ukuqhubeka nokuhlola izinqubo ezintsha zokukhiqiza kanye nobuchwepheshe ukuze sizuze ukukhiqizwa okuluhlaza, okuphumelelayo, nokusimeme kwe-isopropanol.