IpheshelweshiIngabe impahla ebaluleke kakhulu yamakhemikhali yamakhemikhali e-organic, esetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizweni kwemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene yamakhemikhali, njengama-antioxizizers, ama-antioxidants, ama-ejenti welapha, njll. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukwazi ubuchwepheshe be-phenol. Kulesi sihloko, sizokwethula ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza we-phenol ngokuningiliziwe.

Ukulungiswa kwe-phenol kuvame ukwenziwa ngokusabela kwe-benzene nge-propelene phambi kwama-catalysts. Inqubo yokuphendula ingahlukaniswa izinyathelo ezintathu: Isinyathelo sokuqala ukusabela kwe-benzene ne-propenene ukwakha iCumene; Isinyathelo sesibili yi-oxidation ye-Cumene ukuze akha i-Cumene Hydroperoxide; Futhi igxathu lesithathu yi-cleavage yeCumene Hydropoxide ukwakha i-phenol ne-acetone.

Esinyathelweni sokuqala, uBenzene noPepylene baphendule phambi kwe-catalyst ye-acid ukwakha uCumene. Lokhu kusabela kwenziwa ekushiseni okungaba ngu-80 kuya ku-100 degrees Celsius kanye nengcindezi engaba ngu-10 kuye ku-30 ​​kg / cm2. I-Catalyst esetshenzisiwe imvamisa i-aluminium chloride noma i-sulfuric acid. Umkhiqizo wokuphendula uCumene, ohlukaniswe nengxube yokusabela ngokuzithambisa.

Esinyathelweni sesibili, uCumene ungoxidalwe ngomoya lapho kukhona i-catalyst ye-acid ukwakha iCumene Hydroperoxide. Lokhu kusabela kwenziwa ekushiseni okungaba ngu-70 kuya ku-90 degrees Celsius kanye nengcindezi engaba ngu-1 kuye ku-2 kg / cm2. I-Catalyst esetshenzisiwe imvamisa i-sulfuric acid noma i-phosphoric acid. Umkhiqizo wokuphendula uCumene Hydroperoxide, ohlukaniswe nengxube yokusabela ngokuzihlamba.

Esinyathelweni sesithathu, uCumene Hydroperoxide unamathela phambi kwe-catalyst ye-acid ukwakha i-phenol ne-acetone. Lokhu kusabela kwenziwa ekushiseni okungaba ngu-100 kuya ku-130 degrees Celsius kanye nengcindezi engaba ngu-1 kuye ku-2 kg / cm2. I-Catalyst esetshenzisiwe imvamisa i-sulfuric acid noma i-phosphoric acid. Umkhiqizo wokuphendula uyinhlanganisela ye-phenol ne-acetone, ehlukaniswe nengxube yokusabela ngokufakwa.

Ekugcineni, ukuhlukaniswa nokuhlanjululwa kwe-phenol ne-acetone kwenziwa nge-distillation. Ukuze uthole imikhiqizo yokuhlanza okuphezulu, uchungechunge lwezinsika ze-distillation zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlukaniswa nokuhlanzwa. Umkhiqizo wokugcina uyi-phenol, engasetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene yamakhemikhali.

Ngamafuphi, ukulungiswa kwe-phenol kusuka e-benzene nase-proplene ngezinyathelo ezintathu ezingenhla kungathola i-phenol ehlanzekile ephezulu. Kodwa-ke, le nqubo idinga ukusebenzisa inani elikhulu lama-catalysts acid, elizodala ukugqwala okukhulu kwemishini nokungcoliswa kwemvelo. Ngakho-ke, ezinye izindlela ezintsha zokulungiselela zenzelwe ukubuyisela le nqubo. Isibonelo, indlela yokulungiselela i-phenol usebenzisa i-biocatalysts isetshenziswe kancane kancane embonini.