Ithini inombolo ye-CAS?
Inombolo ye-CAS, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Chemical Abstracts Service Number (CAS), iyinombolo kamazisi eyingqayizivele eyabelwa into yamakhemikhali yi-US Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS). Ikhemikhali ngayinye eyaziwayo, okuhlanganisa izakhi, izinhlanganisela, izingxube, nama-biomolecules, inikezwa inombolo ethile ye-CAS. Lolu hlelo lwezinombolo lusetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini zesayensi yamakhemikhali, ezemithi, kanye nezinto zokusebenza futhi kuhloswe ngalo ukuhlinzeka ngezinga elingaguquki emhlabeni wonke lokuhlonza izinto zamakhemikhali.
Isakhiwo kanye Nencazelo Yenombolo Ye-CAS
Inombolo ye-CAS iqukethe izinombolo ezintathu ngefomethi "XXX-XX-X". Amadijithi amathathu okuqala inombolo ye-serial, amadijithi amabili aphakathi asetshenziselwa ukuhlola, kanti idijithi yokugcina iyidijithi yesheke. Lolu hlelo lwezinombolo luklanyelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhemikhali ngayinye inobunikazi obuhlukile, igwema ukudideka ngenxa yegama elihlukile noma ulimi. Isibonelo, inombolo ye-CAS yamanzi ithi 7732-18-5, futhi ireferensi yale nombolo ikhomba kumakhemikhali afanayo kungakhathaliseki izwe noma imboni.
Ukubaluleka kwezinombolo ze-CAS nezindawo zokufaka izicelo
Ukubaluleka kwenombolo ye-CAS kubonakala kakhulu kulezi zici ezilandelayo:

Ukuhlonza into yamakhemikhali yomhlaba wonke: Inombolo ye-CAS ihlinzeka ngobuwena obuyingqayizivele emhlabeni wonke kukhemikhali ngayinye. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusezincwadini zesayensi, izicelo zelungelo lobunikazi, ukulebula komkhiqizo noma amashidi edatha yokuphepha, inombolo ye-CAS isebenza njengezinga elifanayo futhi iqinisekisa ulwazi olungaguquki.

Ukuphathwa Nokubuyiswa Kwedatha: Ngenxa yobuningi bezinto zamakhemikhali kanye negama lazo eliyinkimbinkimbi, izinombolo ze-CAS zenza ukulawulwa nokubuyiswa kolwazi lwamakhemikhali kusebenze kangcono. Abacwaningi, izinkampani zamakhemikhali kanye nama-ejensi kahulumeni angafinyelela ngokushesha nangokunembile ulwazi mayelana nezinto zamakhemikhali ngezinombolo ze-CAS.

Ukulawulwa kokuthobelana nokuphepha: Ekulawulweni kwamakhemikhali, izinombolo ze-CAS ziyithuluzi elibalulekile lokuqinisekisa ukuthotshelwa kokulawula. Imithetho eminingi yamakhemikhali kazwelonke neyesifunda, njengokubhalisa, ukulinganisa, ukugunyazwa kanye nokukhawulelwa kwamakhemikhali (REACH) kanye noMthetho Wokulawula Izinto Eziwubuthi (TSCA), idinga izinombolo ze-CAS ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba semthethweni nokuphepha kwezinto zamakhemikhali.

Ngiyithola kanjani futhi ngiyisebenzise kanjani inombolo ye-CAS?
Izinombolo ze-CAS zivame ukutholakala ngemininingwane yolwazi ekhethekile noma izincwadi zamakhemikhali, njenge-CAS Registry, i-PubChem, i-ChemSpider, njll. Uma usebenzisa inombolo ye-CAS, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inombolo efakiwe inembile, njengoba ngisho nephutha ledijithi eyodwa lingabangela ukuthi kutholwe into ehluke ngokuphelele yamakhemikhali. Izinombolo ze-CAS zivame ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni amakhemikhali nasezinqubweni zocwaningo zokuthengwa kwempahla, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi, nokulungiswa nokuphathwa kwamaphepha edatha yokuphepha.
Isifinyezo
Njengohlelo lokuhlonza into yamakhemikhali esetshenziswa emhlabeni wonke, inombolo ye-CAS ithuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle nokunemba kokubuyiswa kolwazi lwamakhemikhali. Izinombolo ze-CAS zidlala indima engeke ithathelwe indawo embonini yamakhemikhali, kungaba ocwaningweni nasekukhiqizeni, noma ekuthotshelweni kwemithetho kanye nokuphatha ukuphepha. Ngakho-ke, ukuqonda nokusebenzisa kahle izinombolo ze-CAS kubalulekile kubasebenzi bemboni yamakhemikhali.