I-Boiling Point ye-n-Hexane: Ukuhlaziywa Kwepharamitha Ebalulekile Embonini Yamakhemikhali
I-Hexane (n-Hexane) iyinhlanganisela evamile yezinto eziphilayo esetshenziswa embonini yamakhemikhali, ekhemisi, kapende nezincibilikayo. Iphuzu layo lokubilisa liyipharamitha ebaluleke kakhulu yomzimba ethinta ngokuqondile ukusetshenziswa kwayo nokusingatha izinqubo zezimboni. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlaziya ngokuningiliziwe ulwazi lwephuzu lokubilisa le-n-hexane, kufaka phakathi incazelo yalo, izici ezithonya kanye nezicelo ezingokoqobo.
Izici eziyisisekelo ze-n-hexane
I-Hexane iwuketshezi olungenambala nolubonisa ngale nefomula yamakhemikhali ethi C6H14, okungeye-alkanes. I-molecule yayo iqukethe ama-athomu e-carbon ayisithupha nama-athomu e-hydrogen ayishumi nane. Ngenxa yokulinganisa kwesakhiwo samangqamuzana e-hexane, iyi-molecule engeyona ingxenye ye-polar ene-polarity ephansi, okuholela ekungahlangani kahle kwezinto ezimhlophe njengamanzi, futhi ifaneleka kakhulu ukusebenzisana nezinye izincibilikisi ezingezona ze-polar.
Iphoyinti lokubilisa le-hexane liyinto ebonakalayo ebaluleke kakhulu futhi lichazwa njengezinga lokushisa lapho i-hexane esesimweni esiwuketshezi iguqulelwa esimweni segesi ngomfutho ojwayelekile womkhathi (1 atm, 101.3 kPa). Ngokwedatha yokuhlola, indawo yokubilisa ye-n-hexane ingu-68.7 °C.
Izinto ezithinta indawo yokubilisa ye-hexane
Isakhiwo samangqamuzana
I-molecule ye-hexane iyi-alkane yeketanga eliqondile elinama-athomu ekhabhoni ahlelwe ngendlela ewumugqa. Lesi sakhiwo sibangela amandla abuthakathaka e-van der Waals phakathi kwama-molecule futhi ngenxa yalokho i-n-hexane inephuzu lokubila eliphansi uma kuqhathaniswa. Ngokuphambene, ama-alkane anesisindo samangqamuzana afanayo kodwa isakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi, njenge-cyclohexane, anamandla anamandla e-intermolecular kanye nephoyinti lokubilisa eliphakeme.

Umthelela wengcindezi yasemkhathini
Iphoyinti lokubilisa le-n-hexane ngokuvamile lisekelwe ezimeni zokucindezela okujwayelekile komkhathi. Uma ukucindezela komkhathi endaweni engaphandle kushintsha, indawo yokubilisa yangempela ye-hexane nayo izoshintsha. Ezingcindezini eziphansi, njenge-vacuum distillation, indawo yokubilisa ye-hexane iphansi kakhulu, iyenza ibe nkulu kakhulu.

Umthelela wokuhlanzeka nengxube
Ukuhlanzeka kwe-hexane kuthinta ngqo iphuzu layo lokubilisa. Uma i-hexane iqukethe ukungcola noma yenza izingxube nezinye izinhlanganisela, indawo yokubilisa ingase ishintshe. Isibonelo, uma i-hexane ixutshwe nolunye uketshezi enqubweni yamakhemikhali, indawo yayo yokubilisa ingase yehliswe (ukwakheka kwe-azeotropes), engashintsha ukuziphatha kwayo kokuhwamuka.

Ukubaluleka kwe-Hexane Boiling Point ku-Industrial Applications
Izicelo zokuncibilikisa
I-Hexane isetshenziswa kabanzi njengesixazululi, ikakhulukazi embonini yokukhipha amafutha, ekhiqiza izinto ezinamathelayo kanye nezimboni zikapende. Kulezi zinhlelo zokusebenza, indawo yokubilisa ye-hexane inquma izinga lokuhwamuka kwayo. Ngenxa yokubilisa kwayo okuphansi, i-hexane iyakwazi ukuhwamuka ngokushesha, inciphise izinsalela ze-solvent ngaleyo ndlela iqinisekise ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.

I-distillation kanye nezinqubo zokuhlukanisa
Ezinqubweni ze-petrochemical kanye ne-refining, i-hexane ivame ukusetshenziswa ekuhlukaniseni uwoyela ongahluziwe. Ngenxa yephuzu layo eliphansi lokubila, ukuhwamuka kanye nokuziphatha kokujiya kwe-hexane kumakholomu okukhipha isisu kungasiza ukuyihlukanisa kwamanye ama-alkanes noma izincibilikisi. Ukuthola indawo yokubilisa ye-n-hexane kwesokudla kubalulekile ekulawuleni izinga lokushisa kanye nezimo zengcindezi yenqubo yokugaya ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhlukana okuphumelelayo.

Ukucatshangelwa Kwemvelo Nokuphepha
Ngenxa yokuthi i-hexane inephuzu eliphansi lokubilisa, ijwayele ukuguquguquka ekamelweni lokushisa, okuphakamisa indaba yokukhishwa kwezinhlanganisela eziphilayo ezishintshashintshayo (VOCs). Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, ukungena komoya kufanele kuthuthukiswe futhi kufanele kusetshenziswe izinyathelo zokuvikela ezifanele ukuvimbela ukunqwabelana komhwamuko we-hexane ukugwema izingozi ezingaba khona empilweni nezokuphepha.

Ukufingqa
Ipharamitha yezinga elibilisayo le-hexane inezinhlelo zokusebenza ezibalulekile embonini yamakhemikhali. Ukuhlaziya izici eziningi ezifana nesakhiwo samangqamuzana, ukucindezela komkhathi nokuhlanzeka, kungabonakala ukuthi iphuzu lokubilisa alithinti kuphela ukuguquguquka kwe-n-hexane kanye nenqubo ye-distillation, kodwa futhi inquma ukuphepha kwayo kokusebenza ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zezimboni. Ukuthi isetshenziswa njengesinyibilikisi noma njengento eluhlaza yokuhlukanisa, ukuqonda okufanele kanye nokusetshenziswa kwendawo yokubilisa ye-hexane kubalulekile ukuthuthukisa ukukhiqiza nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha.