1,Umkhuba wokwanda okuqhubekayo kwamandla okukhiqiza we-MMA

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, umthamo wokukhiqiza we-MMA (methyl methacrylate) yaseChina ubonise ukukhula okuphawulekayo, okukhula kusuka kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-1.1 ngo-2018 kuya kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-2.615 okwamanje, ngesilinganiso sokukhula cishe izikhathi ezingu-2.4. Lokhu kukhula okusheshayo kubangelwa ikakhulukazi ukukhula ngokushesha kwemboni yamakhemikhali yasekhaya kanye nokwanda kwesidingo semakethe. Ikakhulukazi ngo-2022, izinga lokukhula kwamandla okukhiqiza we-MMA yasekhaya lafinyelela ku-35.24%, futhi amasethi emishini ayi-6 aqala ukusebenza phakathi nonyaka, okuqhubekisela phambili ukukhuthaza ukukhula okusheshayo kwamandla okukhiqiza.

2,Ukuhlaziywa Komehluko Ekukhuleni Kwekhono Phakathi Kwezinqubo Ezimbili

Ngokombono wezinqubo zokukhiqiza, kunomehluko omkhulu wezinga lokukhula kwamandla phakathi kwendlela ye-ACH (indlela ye-acetone cyanohydrin) kanye nendlela ye-C4 (indlela ye-isobutene oxidation). Izinga lokukhula komthamo wendlela ye-ACH libonisa ukuthambekela okukhulayo, kuyilapho izinga lokukhula kwamandla lendlela ye-C4 libonisa inkambiso enciphayo. Lo mehluko ikakhulukazi ngenxa yethonya lezici zezindleko. Kusukela ngo-2021, inzuzo yokukhiqizwa kwe-C4 MMA iqhubekile nokwehla, futhi kube nokulahlekelwa okukhulu kusukela ngo-2022 kuya ku-2023, ngokulahleka kwenzuzo konyaka okungaphezu kuka-2000 yuan ngethani. Lokhu kuphazamisa ngokuqondile inqubekelaphambili yokukhiqiza ye-MMA kusetshenziswa inqubo ye-C4. Ngokuphambene, imajini yenzuzo yokukhiqizwa kwe-MMA ngendlela ye-ACH isamukeleka, futhi ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kwe-acrylonitrile ekhuphuka nomfula kunikeza isiqinisekiso esanele sempahla eluhlaza yendlela ye-ACH. Ngakho-ke, eminyakeni yamuva nje, iningi le-MMA elikhiqizwa indlela ye-ACH liyamukelwa.

3,Ukuhlaziywa kwezinsiza ezisekelayo ezikhuphuka nomfula

Phakathi kwamabhizinisi okukhiqiza ama-MMA, ingxenye yamabhizinisi asebenzisa indlela ye-ACH iphakeme kakhulu, ifinyelela ku-13, kuyilapho kukhona amabhizinisi ayi-7 asebenzisa indlela ye-C4. Kusukela esimeni esingezansi sezinsiza ezisekelayo, amabhizinisi ama-5 kuphela akhiqiza i-PMMA, ebalelwa ku-25%. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi izinsiza ezisekelayo ezansi nomfula emabhizinisini okukhiqiza ama-MMA azikakapheleli. Ngokuzayo, ngokwandiswa nokuhlanganiswa kochungechunge lwezimboni, inani lamabhizinisi okukhiqiza asekelayo kulindeleke ukuthi likhule.

4,Isimo esikhuphukayo sendlela ye-ACH kanye nendlela ye-C4 yokufanisa

Emabhizinisini okukhiqiza e-ACH MMA, ama-30.77% afakwe amayunithi e-acetone akhuphuka nomfula, kuyilapho ama-69.23% afakelwe amayunithi e-acrylonitrile akhuphukayo. Ngenxa yokuthi i-hydrogen cyanide ezintweni zokusetshenziswa ezikhiqizwe indlela ye-ACH ngokuyinhloko iphuma ekukhiqizweni kabusha kwe-acrylonitrile, ukuqaliswa kwe-MMA ngendlela ye-ACH kuthinteka kakhulu ekuqaleni kwesitshalo esisekela i-acrylonitrile, kuyilapho Isimo sezindleko sithinteka kakhulu ngentengo ye-acetone yempahla eluhlaza. Ngokuphambene, phakathi kwamabhizinisi okukhiqiza we-MMA asebenzisa indlela ye-C4, ama-57.14% ahlonyiswe nge-isobutene/tert butanol ekhuphukayo. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuphoqelela izinto ezinkulu, amabhizinisi amabili amise amayunithi awo e-MMA kusukela ngo-2022.

5,Izinguquko kuzinga lokusebenzisa amandla embonini

Ngokukhula okusheshayo kokuhlinzekwa kwe-MMA kanye nokukhula kwesidingo esihamba kancane, iphethini yemboni yokuphakela kanye nesidingo iyashintsha kancane kancane isuka ekushodeni kokuphakelayo iye ekuthengeni ngokweqile. Lolu shintsho luholele ekucindezelweni okulinganiselwe ekusebenzeni kwezitshalo zasekhaya ze-MMA, futhi izinga eliphelele lokusebenzisa umthamo wemboni libonise ukwehla. Ngokuzayo, ngokukhishwa kancane kancane kwesidingo esiphansi kanye nokukhuthazwa kokuhlanganiswa kochungechunge lwezimboni, izinga lokusebenzisa amandla embonini kulindeleke ukuthi lithuthukiswe.

6,Umbono wemakethe yesikhathi esizayo

Uma sibheka phambili, imakethe ye-MMA izobhekana nezinselelo namathuba amaningi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-giants amakhemikhali amaningi omhlaba amemezele ukulungiswa kwamandla ezitshalweni zawo ze-MMA, okuzothinta iphethini yokuhlinzeka nesidingo semakethe ye-MMA yomhlaba wonke. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umthamo wasekhaya wokukhiqiza we-MMA uzoqhubeka nokukhula, futhi ngokuthuthukiswa nokusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe obusha, izindleko zokukhiqiza kulindeleke ukuthi zehle nakakhulu. Khonamanjalo, ukunwetshwa kwezimakethe ezingezansi kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezindawo zezicelo ezisafufusa kuzoletha amaphuzu amasha okukhula emakethe ye-MMA.