I-Acrylonitrile ikhiqizwa ngokusebenzisa i-propylene ne-ammonia njengezinto zokusetshenziswa, ngokusabela kwe-oxidation kanye nenqubo yokucwenga. Kuyinhlanganisela ephilayo enefomula yamakhemikhali i-C3H3N, uketshezi olungenambala olunephunga elicasulayo, oluvuthayo, umhwamuko nomoya walo kungakha ingxube eqhumayo, futhi kulula ukubangela ukusha lapho kuvezwa ilangabi elivulekile nokushisa okuphezulu, futhi likhipha igesi enobuthi, futhi lisabela ngobudlova ngama-oxidizers, ama-asidi aqinile, izisekelo eziqinile ze-bromine, i-bromine.

Isetshenziswa kakhulu njengempahla eluhlaza ye-acrylic ne-ABS/SAN resin, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni i-acrylamide, unamathisele kanye ne-adiponitrile, irabha yokwenziwa, iLatex, njll.

Izicelo ze-Acrylonitrile Market

I-Acrylonitrile iyimpahla ebalulekile yokwenziwa kwezinto ezintathu ezinkulu zokwenziwa (ipulasitiki, irabha yokwenziwa kanye nemicu yokwenziwa), futhi ukusetshenziswa komfula ophansi kwe-acrylonitrile e-China kugxile ku-ABS, i-acrylic ne-acrylamide, ehlanganisa ngaphezu kuka-80% wengqikithi yokusetshenziswa kwe-acrylonitrile. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, i-China ibe ngelinye lamazwe akhula ngokushesha emakethe yomhlaba wonke ye-acrylonitrile ngokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni zasendlini kanye nezimboni zezimoto. Imikhiqizo esezansi nomfula isetshenziswa kakhulu emikhakheni eyahlukene yomnotho wezwe, njengempahla yasendlini, izingubo zokugqoka, izimoto, kanye nemithi.

I-Acrylonitrile ikhiqizwa nge-propylene ne-ammonia ngokusabela kwe-oxidation kanye nenqubo yokucwenga, futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu ku-resin, ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni ze-acrylic, kanye ne-carbon fiber yizindawo zokufaka isicelo ezinesidingo esikhula ngokushesha esikhathini esizayo.

I-Carbon fiber, njengenye yezinto ezibalulekile ezisetshenziswayo ezansi nomfula i-acrylonitrile, iyinto entsha okwamanje egxile ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni nasekukhiqizeni eChina. I-Carbon fiber isibe yilungu elibalulekile lezinto ezingasindi, futhi kancane kancane ithatha izinto zensimbi zangaphambilini, futhi isibe yingqikithi yesicelo emikhakheni yomphakathi neyezempi.

Njengoba umnotho waseShayina uqhubeka nokukhula ngesivinini esisheshayo, isidingo se-carbon fiber nezinto zayo eziyinhlanganisela siyaqhubeka nokwanda. Ngokwezibalo ezifanele, isidingo se-carbon fiber e-China sifinyelela kumathani angama-48,800 ngo-2020, okuwukunyuka kwama-29% ngonyaka ka-2019.

Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, imakethe ye-acrylonitrile ibonisa izitayela ezinhle zokuthuthukiswa.
Okokuqala, umzila wokukhiqizwa kwe-acrylonitrile usebenzisa i-propane njenge-feedstock iyathuthukiswa kancane kancane.
Okwesibili, ucwaningo lwama-catalysts amasha luyaqhubeka nokuba yisihloko socwaningo lwezazi zasekhaya nezangaphandle.
Okwesithathu, ubukhulu besitshalo.
Okwesine, ukonga amandla kanye nokunciphisa ukungcola, ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo kubaluleke kakhulu.
Okwesihlanu, ukwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile sekube wucwaningo olubalulekile.

I-Acrylonitrile Major Capacity Production

Izakhiwo zase-China zokukhiqiza i-acrylonitrile zigxile kakhulu emabhizinisini aphethwe yi-China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation (Sinopec) kanye ne-China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC). Phakathi kwazo, umthamo ophelele wokukhiqiza weSinopec (kuhlanganise nama-joint ventures) ungamathani angama-860,000, okubalelwa ku-34.8% yenani lokukhiqiza eliphelele; umthamo wokukhiqiza wePetroChina ungamathani ayizi-700,000, okubalelwa ku-28.3% yenani lokukhiqiza eliphelele; amandla okukhiqiza amabhizinisi azimele i-Jiangsu Searborn Petrochemical, i-Shandong Haijiang Chemical Co. Ltd. enamandla okukhiqiza i-acrylonitrile amathani angu-520,000, amathani angu-130,000 kanye namathani angu-260,000 ngokulandelana, okuyinani elihlangene lokukhiqiza elingaba ngu-36.8%.

Kusukela engxenyeni yesibili ka-2021, isigaba sesibili se-ZPMC esinamathani angu-260,000/ngonyaka, isigaba sesibili se-Kruel ngamathani angu-130,000/ngonyaka, isigaba sesibili se-Lihua Yi ngamathani angu-260,000/ngonyaka kanye nesigaba sesithathu se-Srbang esinamathani angu-260,000, kanti esinye isibalo siphinde sasebenza ngemva konyaka owodwa. ifinyelele amathani angu-910,000/ngonyaka, futhi umthamo wasekhaya we-acrylonitrile usufinyelele amathani ayizigidi ezingu-3.419/ngonyaka.

Ukunwetshwa komthamo we-acrylonitrile akugcini lapha. Kuyaqondakala ukuthi ngo-2022, kuzosetshenziswa imboni entsha ye-acrylonitrile engamathani angu-260,000/ngonyaka e-East China, isitshalo esingamathani angu-130,000/ngonyaka e-Guangdong kanye nesitshalo esingamathani angu-200,000/ngonyaka e-Hainan. Umthamo omusha wokukhiqiza wasekhaya awusagcini e-East China, kodwa uzosatshalaliswa ezifundeni eziningana e-China, ikakhulukazi isitshalo esisha e-Hainan sizosetshenziswa ukuze imikhiqizo ibe seduze nezimakethe zaseNingizimu China kanye ne-Southeast Asia, futhi kulula kakhulu ukuthekelisa ngolwandle.

Umthamo wokukhiqiza owanda kakhulu uletha ukukhuphuka kokukhiqiza. Izibalo ze-Jinlian zibonisa ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwe-acrylonitrile yase-China kuqhubekile nokubeka ama-highs amasha ngo-2021. Ekupheleni kuka-December 2021, inani lokukhiqizwa kwe-acrylonitrile lasekhaya lidlule amathani ayizigidi ezingu-2.317, likhuphuke ngo-19% unyaka nonyaka, kanti ukusetshenziswa konyaka kwakungamathani ayizigidi ezingu-2.6, nezimpawu zokuqala zedolobha embonini.

Isiqondiso sokuthuthukiswa kwesikhathi esizayo se-acrylonitrile

Ngonyaka ka-2021 osanda kudlula, ukuthunyelwa kwe-acrylonitrile kweqa ukuthengwa kwamanye amazwe okokuqala ngqa. Isamba sokungeniswa kwemikhiqizo ye-acrylonitrile ngonyaka odlule yayingamathani angu-203,800, yehle ngo-33.55% kusukela ngonyaka odlule, kuyilapho ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kufinyelele kumathani angu-210,200, okuwukunyuka ngo-188.69% kusukela ngonyaka odlule.

Lokhu akuhlukaniseki ekukhishweni okugxilile kwamandla amasha okukhiqiza e-China futhi imboni isesimweni soguquko ukusuka ebhalansi eqinile iye emalini eyengeziwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani lamayunithi aseYurophu naseMelika ame endaweni yokuqala neyesibili, okubangele ukwehla okungazelelwe kokuhlinzekwa, kuyilapho amayunithi ase-Asia ayesemjikelezweni wokulungisa ohleliwe, futhi amanani aseShayina ayephansi kunamanani ase-Asia, aseYurophu naseMelika, okwasiza ukuthunyelwa kwe-acrylonitrile yaseChina ukwandisa, kuhlanganise neSifundazwe saseTaiwan saseChina, eduze kwaseKorea, eNdiya naseTurkey.

Ukwenyuka komthamo wokuthekelisa kuhambisane nokukhula kwenani lamazwe athumela ngaphandle. Ngaphambilini, imikhiqizo yokuthekelisa yaseChina i-acrylonitrile yayithunyelwa kakhulu eNingizimu Korea naseNdiya. Ngo-2021, ngokuncipha kokuhlinzekwa phesheya kwezilwandle, ivolumu yokuthekelisa i-acrylonitrile yanda futhi yathunyelwa ngezikhathi ezithile emakethe yaseYurophu, okubandakanya amazwe ayisikhombisa nezifunda ezifana neTurkey neBelgium.

Kubikezelwa ukuthi izinga lokukhula kwamandla okukhiqiza i-acrylonitrile e-China eminyakeni engu-5 ezayo likhulu kunezinga lokukhula kwesidingo esingaphansi komfula, ukuthengiswa kwamanye amazwe kuzokwehla, kuyilapho ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kuzoqhubeka nokwanda, futhi ukuthunyelwa kwe-acrylonitrile okuzayo eChina kulindeleke ukuthi kuthinte amathani angu-300,000 ngo-2022, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise ukusebenza kwemakethe yaseShayina.

I-chemwin ithengisa ikhwalithi ephezulu, i-acrylonitrile feedstock ebiza kancane esitokweni emhlabeni jikelele