I-Glacial Acetic Acid Density: Ukuhlaziywa Okuphelele
I-glacial acetic acid, eyaziwa ngamakhemikhali ngokuthi i-acetic acid, iyi-chemical material eluhlaza kanye ne-organic solvent. Kubonakala njengoketshezi olungenambala ekamelweni lokushisa, futhi lapho izinga lokushisa lingaphansi kuka-16.7°C, lizocwebezela libe into eqinile efana neqhwa, yingakho igama elithi “glacial acetic acid”. Ukuqonda ukuminyana kwe-glacial acetic acid kubalulekile ezinhlelweni ezihlukene zezimboni kanye nomklamo wokuhlola. Lesi sihloko sizohlaziya ukuminyana kwe-glacial acetic acid ngokuningiliziwe.
1. Umqondo oyisisekelo we-glacial acetic acid density
Ukuminyana kwe-glacial acetic acid kubhekisela esilinganisweni se-glacial acetic acid ngevolumu yeyunithi ezingeni lokushisa elithile kanye nokucindezela. Ukuminyana kuvame ukuvezwa ngeyunithi g/cm³ noma kg/m³. Ukuminyana kwe-glacial acetic acid akuyona nje ipharamitha ebalulekile yezakhiwo zayo ezibonakalayo, kodwa futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ekulungiseleleni isisombululo, ekugcinweni nasekuthuthweni. Ukuminyana kwe-glacial acetic acid cishe ku-1.049 g/cm³ esimweni esijwayelekile esingu-25°C, okusho ukuthi i-glacial acetic acid isinda kancane kunamanzi.
2. Umthelela wezinga lokushisa kubuningi be-glacial acetic acid
Izinga lokushisa liyisici esibalulekile esithinta ukuminyana kwe-glacial acetic acid. Njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, ukuminyana kwe-glacial acetic acid kuncipha. Lokhu kungenxa yokwanda kokunyakaza kwamangqamuzana kanye nokwanda kwevolumu okubangelwa ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa, okuholela ekunciphiseni komthamo weyunithi ngayinye. Ngokukhethekile, ukuminyana kwe-glacial acetic acid kuyehla kusuka cishe ku-1.055 g/cm³ kuya ku-1.049 g/cm³ uma izinga lokushisa likhuphuka ukusuka ku-0°C ukuya ku-20°C. Ukuqonda nokulawula umthelela wezinga lokushisa ekuminyana kubalulekile ezinqubweni zezimboni ezidinga ukulinganiswa okunembile.
3. Ukubaluleka kwe-glacial acetic acid ekusetshenzisweni kwezimboni
Emkhiqizweni wamakhemikhali, ukuhluka kokuminyana kwe-glacial acetic acid kungase kuthinte isilinganiso sokuxutshwa kwama-reactants kanye nokusebenza kahle kokusabela. Isibonelo, ekukhiqizeni i-vinyl acetate, i-cellulose esters, ne-polyester resins, i-glacial acetic acid ivame ukusetshenziswa njengendlela yokusabela eyinhloko noma i-solvent, futhi ukuqonda okunembile kokuminyana kwayo kusiza ukulawula ukunemba kokusabela. Lapho ugcina futhi uthutha i-glacial acetic acid, idatha yayo yokuminyana iphinde isetshenziselwe ukubala ubudlelwano phakathi kwesisindo nevolumu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko.
4. Ungakala kanjani ukuminyana kwe-glacial acetic acid
Ukuminyana kwe-glacial acetic acid kungalinganiswa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, okuvame kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwe-densitometer noma indlela ethile yebhodlela lamandla adonsela phansi. I-densitometer ikala ngokushesha ukuminyana koketshezi, kuyilapho indlela ethile yebhodlela lamandla adonsela phansi ibala ukuminyana ngokulinganisa ubukhulu bevolumu ethile yoketshezi. Ukulawula izinga lokushisa nakho kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kwezilinganiso, njengoba uguquko oluncane lokushisa lungadala ushintsho ekuminyana.
5. Amazinga nezinyathelo zokuphepha zokuminyana kwe-glacial acetic acid
Lapho usebenzisa i-glacial acetic acid, akudingekile kuphela ukunaka ukuguquka kokuminyana, kodwa futhi nokugcina izindinganiso zokuphepha ngokucophelela. I-glacial acetic acid igqwala kakhulu futhi iyaguquguquka, futhi ukuthintana nesikhumba noma ukuhogela umhwamuko kungabangela ukulimala. Ngakho-ke, uma usebenzisa i-glacial acetic acid, kufanele uhlonyiswe ngezinyathelo ezifanele zokuzivikela, njengokugqoka amagilavu nezibuko zokuzivikela, futhi usebenze endaweni enomoya omuhle.
Isiphetho
Ukuminyana kwe-glacial acetic acid iyipharamitha eyinhloko ezinqubweni zamakhemikhali ezimbalwa, ezizwela kakhulu ekuhlukeni kwezinga lokushisa futhi okuthinta ngokuqondile ukusebenza kwayo ezisetshenziswa zezimboni. Ulwazi olunembile lokuminyana kwe-glacial acetic acid luvumela ukulawulwa okungcono kwenqubo, luthuthukise ukusebenza kahle futhi luqinisekise ukusebenza okuphephile. Noma ngabe kuselabhorethri noma ekukhiqizweni kwezimboni, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuminyana kwe-glacial acetic acid. Kwethenjwa ukuthi ukuhlaziya okuphelele kokuminyana kwe-glacial acetic acid kuleli phepha kunganikeza ireferensi nosizo kubasebenzi emikhakheni ehlobene.