1. Uhlolojikelele lwesimo sokusebenza sisonke

Ngo-2024, ukusebenza sekukonke kwemboni yamakhemikhali yaseChina akukuhle ngaphansi kwethonya lendawo yonke. Izinga lenzuzo lamabhizinisi okukhiqiza liye lehla ngokuvamile, imiyalo yezinkampani zohwebo yehlile, futhi ingcindezi ekusebenzeni kwemakethe yenyuke kakhulu. Izinkampani eziningi zilwela ukuhlola izimakethe zaphesheya ukuze zifune amathuba amasha entuthuko, kodwa isimo sezimakethe zomhlaba samanje sibuthakathaka futhi asinikezanga umfutho wokukhula owanele. Sekukonke, imboni yamakhemikhali yaseChina ibhekene nezinselelo ezinkulu.

2, Ukuhlaziywa Kwesimo Senzuzo Yamakhemikhali Enqwaba

Ukuze sithole ukuqonda okujulile kokusebenza kwemakethe yamakhemikhali yaseShayina, kwenziwa inhlolovo ezinhlotsheni ezingama-50 zamakhemikhali ayinqwaba, futhi kwahlaziywa izinga lesilinganiso sesilinganiso senzuzo yemboni kanye nezinga layo lokushintsha unyaka nonyaka kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuSepthemba 2024. .

Ukusatshalaliswa Kwemikhiqizo Ekhiqiza Inzuzo Nokulahlekelwa: Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezingama-50 zamakhemikhali ayinqwaba, kunemikhiqizo engama-31 esesimweni esinenzuzo, ebalwa cishe ngama-62%; Kunemikhiqizo engu-19 esesimweni sokulahlekelwa, elinganiselwa ku-38%. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi nakuba imikhiqizo eminingi isenenzuzo, ingxenye yemikhiqizo eyenza ukulahlekelwa ayikwazi ukushaywa indiva.

Unyaka nonyaka uguquko emalini yenzuzo: Ngokombono wezinga lokushintsha unyaka nonyaka, umkhawulo wenzuzo wemikhiqizo engama-32 wehlile, ubalwa ku-64%; Isilinganiso senzuzo semikhiqizo engu-18 kuphela sikhuphuke unyaka nonyaka, sibalwa ngama-36%. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi isimo sisonke kulo nyaka sintekenteke kakhulu kunonyaka odlule, futhi nakuba izilinganiso zenzuzo zemikhiqizo eminingi zisengcono, zehlile uma ziqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule, okubonisa ukusebenza kabi kukonke.

3. Ukusatshalaliswa kwamazinga emali yenzuzo

Isilinganiso senzuzo yemikhiqizo enenzuzo: Izinga lesilinganiso senzuzo yemikhiqizo eminingi enenzuzo ligxile ku-10% ububanzi, nenani elincane lemikhiqizo enezinga lenzuzo yenzuzo engaphezu kuka-10%. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi nakuba ukusebenza jikelele kwemboni yamakhemikhali yaseChina kunenzuzo, izinga lenzuzo alikho phezulu. Uma kucatshangelwa izinto ezifana nezindleko zezimali, izindleko zokuphatha, ukwehla kwenani, njll., izinga lemajini lenzuzo lamanye amabhizinisi lingase lehle nakakhulu.

Isilinganiso senzuzo yemikhiqizo eyenza ukulahlekelwa: Kumakhemikhali enza ukulahlekelwa, iningi lawo ligxile phakathi kwebanga lokulahlekelwa elingu-10% noma ngaphansi. Uma ibhizinisi lingelephrojekthi edidiyelwe futhi linempahla yalo yokufanisa, khona-ke imikhiqizo enokulahlekelwa okuncane isengathola inzuzo.

4, Ukuqhathaniswa kwesimo senzuzo ye-Industrial Chain

Umfanekiso wesi-4 Ukuqhathaniswa kwemikhawulo yenzuzo yemikhiqizo yamakhemikhali ephezulu engama-50 yaseChina ngo-2024.

Ngokusekelwe ezingeni elimaphakathi lemajini yenzuzo yochungechunge lwezimboni lapho imikhiqizo engu-50 iyingxenye yalo, singafinyelela eziphethweni ezilandelayo:

Imikhiqizo enenzuzo ephezulu: Ifilimu ye-PVB, i-octanol, i-trimellitic anhydride, i-Optical grade COC neminye imikhiqizo ibonisa izici eziqinile zokwenza inzuzo, nezinga lenzuzo eliphakathi nendawo elingaphezu kwama-30%. Le mikhiqizo ivamise ukuba nezindawo ezikhethekile noma isendaweni ephansi uma kuqhathaniswa ochungechungeni lwemboni, ngokuncintisana okubuthaka kanye nemingcele yenzuzo ezinzile.

Imikhiqizo eyenza ukulahlekelwa: I-Petroleum kuya ku-ethylene glycol, i-hydrogenated phthalic anhydride, i-ethylene neminye imikhiqizo ibonise ukulahlekelwa okukhulu, ngezinga lokulahlekelwa eliphakathi kuka-35%. I-Ethylene, njengomkhiqizo obalulekile embonini yamakhemikhali, ukulahlekelwa kwayo kukhombisa ngokungaqondile ukusebenza okungekuhle kwemboni yamakhemikhali yaseChina.

Ukusebenza kochungechunge lwezimboni: Ukusebenza kukonke kochungechunge lwezimboni ze-C2 ne-C4 kuhle, ngengxenye enkulu kakhulu yemikhiqizo enenzuzo. Lokhu kubangelwa ikakhulukazi ukwehla kwezindleko zomkhiqizo owela phansi obangelwa ukuvilapha kwempahla eluhlaza yochungechunge lwezimboni, futhi inzuzo idluliselwa phansi ngochungechunge lwezimboni. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kokuphela kwempahla eluhlaza kubi.

5, Icala elidlulele lokushintsha konyaka nonyaka kumajinja enzuzo

I-N-Butane based maleic anhydride: Imajini yayo yenzuzo inoshintsho olukhulu kakhulu lonyaka nonyaka, isuka esimweni senzuzo ephansi ngo-2023 yaya ekulahlekeni okungaba ngu-3% kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuSepthemba 2024. Lokhu kungenxa yokuqhubeka konyaka. -ukwehla konyaka kwentengo ye-maleic anhydride, kuyilapho intengo yezinto ezingavuthiwe i-n-butane inyukile, okuholela ekwenyukeni kwezindleko kanye nokwehla kwenani lomkhiqizo.

I-Benzoic anhydride: Umkhawulo wayo wenzuzo ukhuphuke kakhulu cishe ngo-900% unyaka nonyaka, okuyenza ibe umkhiqizo owedlulele kakhulu ngokwezinguquko zenzuzo kumakhemikhali ayinqwaba ngo-2024. Lokhu kungenxa yokukhuphuka okuhlanyisayo emakethe yomhlaba wonke okubangelwa ukuhoxiswa kwe-INEOS emakethe yomhlaba wonke ye-phthalic anhydride.

6. Amathemba esikhathi esizayo

Ngo-2024, imboni yamakhemikhali yaseShayina yehle unyaka nonyaka emalini engenayo iyonke kanye nokwehla okukhulu kwenzuzo ngemva kokuthola ukuncipha kwengcindezi yezindleko kanye nokwehla kwezikhungo zamanani entengo yomkhiqizo. Ngokumelene nesizinda sezintengo zikawoyela ongahluziwe ezinzile, imboni yokuhluza ibone ukusimama okuthile enzuzweni, kodwa izinga lokukhula kwesidingo lehle kakhulu. Embonini yamakhemikhali amaningi, ukungqubuzana kwe-homogenization kugqame kakhulu, futhi indawo yokuhlinzeka kanye nesidingo iyaqhubeka nokuwohloka.

Kulindeleke ukuthi imboni yamakhemikhali yaseShayina isazobhekana nengcindezi ethile engxenyeni yesibili ka-2024 nangaphakathi kuka-2025, futhi ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo sezimboni kuzoqhubeka nokujula. Ukuphumelela kobuchwepheshe obubalulekile kanye nemikhiqizo emisha kulindeleke ukuthi kuqhubekisele phambili ukuthuthukiswa kwemikhiqizo futhi kukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kwenzuzo ephezulu okuqhubekayo kwemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu. Ngokuzayo, imboni yamakhemikhali yaseShayina idinga ukwenza imizamo eyengeziwe ekusungulweni kwezobuchwepheshe, ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo, nokuthuthukiswa kwezimakethe ukuze ibhekane nezinselele zamanje nezesikhathi esizayo.