Igama Lomkhiqizo:Aniline

Ifomethi ye-Molecular:I-C6H7N

Inombolo ye-CAS:62-53-3

Isakhiwo samangqamuzana omkhiqizo:

Chemical Properties:

I-Aniline iyi-amine yephunga elimnandi eyinhloko kanye nenhlanganisela eyakhiwe ngokushintshwa kwe-athomu ye-hydrogen ku-molecule ye-benzene ngeqembu le-amino. Ingamafutha angenambala njengoketshezi oluvuthayo olunephunga elinamandla. Uma ishisiswe kufika ku-370 C, incibilika kancane emanzini futhi inyibilika ku-ethanol, ether, chloroform nezinye izinyibilikisi eziphilayo. Iba nsundu emoyeni noma ngaphansi kwelanga. Ingahlanjululwa nge-steam. Inani elincane le-zinc powder liyengezwa ukuvimbela i-oxidation lapho i-distilled. I-aniline ecwengiwe ingangezwa i-10 ~ 15ppm NaBH4 ukuvimbela ukuwohloka kwe-oxidation. Isixazululo se-aniline sine-alkaline.
Kulula ukukhiqiza usawoti uma uhlangana ne-asidi. Ama-athomu e-hydrogen emaqenjini awo ama-amino angashintshwa ngamaqembu e-alkyl noma e-acyl ukuze akhiqize i-aniline yebanga lesibili noma lesithathu ne-acyl aniline. Lapho ukusabela kokushintsha kwenzeka, imikhiqizo ye-ortho ne-para esikhundleni semikhiqizo ikhiqizwa kakhulu. Ihlangana ne-nitrite yakhe usawoti we-diazonium, ongasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza uchungechunge lokuphuma kwe-benzene nama-azo compounds.

Isicelo:

I-Aniline ingomunye wabaphakathi ababaluleke kakhulu embonini yedayi. Ingasetshenziswa embonini kadayi ukwenza uyinki ye-asidi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka G, i-acid medium BS, i-asidi ephuzi ethambile, i-orange eqondile, i-rosé eqondile, i-indigo blue, ihlakaza insundu ephuzi, i-cationic rosé FG kanye ne-X-SB ebomvu ekhanyayo, njll. ; ku-organic pigments, isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza okubomvu kwegolide, okubomvu kwegolide, impushana enkulu ebomvu, i-phenocyanine ebomvu, uwoyela oncibilikayo omnyama, njll. Ingasetshenziswa futhi njengempahla eluhlaza emithini ye-sulfa eyenza imithi, nanjengemaphakathi ekukhiqizeni. yezinongo, amapulasitiki, amavarnish, amafilimu, njll. Ingasetshenziswa futhi njengesiqinisi eziqhumeni, i-ejenti evimbela ukuqhuma kuphethiloli futhi i-solvent; ingasetshenziswa futhi ukwenza i-hydroquinone ne-2-phenylindole.
I-Aniline iyimpahla ebalulekile yokukhiqiza izibulala-zinambuzane.