Igama Lomkhiqizo:i-acetic acid

Ifomethi ye-Molecular:I-C2H4O2

Inombolo ye-CAS:64-19-7

Isakhiwo samangqamuzana omkhiqizo:

Ukucaciswa:

Chemical Properties:

I-acetic acid, i-CH3COOH, iwuketshezi olungenambala, oluguquguqukayo emazingeni okushisa asendaweni. Inhlanganisela emsulwa, i-glacial acetic acid, iqanjwe igama layo ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo okucwebezelayo okunjengeqhwa ku-15.6°C. Njengoba kunikezwa ngokuvamile, i-acetic acid iyisisombululo esinamanzi esingu-6 N (cishe ama-36%) noma isixazululo esingu-1 N (cishe u-6%). Lokhu noma okunye ukuhlanjululwa kusetshenziselwa ukwengeza amanani afanele e-acetic acid ekudleni. I-Acetic acid iyisici se-asidi uviniga, ukugxila kwayo kusuka ku-3.5 kuya ku-5.6%. I-acetic acid nama-acetate akhona ezitshalweni eziningi nezicubu zezilwane ngamanani amancane kodwa abonakalayo. Ziyizinto ezijwayelekile zokuxhumanisa i-metabolic, zikhiqizwa yizinhlobo zebhaktheriya njenge-Acetobacter futhi zingahlanganiswa ngokuphelele ku-carbon dioxide ngamagciwane anjengeClostridium thermoaceticum. Igundane lakha i-acetate ngesilinganiso esingu-1% wesisindo somzimba walo ngosuku.

Njengoketshezi olungenambala olunephunga elinamandla, elihlabayo, elinoviniga, liwusizo kubhotela, ushizi, ukunambitheka kwamagilebhisi nezithelo. I-acetic acid emsulwa encane kakhulu njengoba enjalo isetshenziswa ekudleni, nakuba ihlukaniswa yi-FDA njengento ye-GRAS. Ngenxa yalokho, ingase isetshenziswe emikhiqizweni engakhaviwe Izincazelo Namazinga Obunikazi. I-acetic acid iyingxenye eyinhloko yamaviniga ne-pyroligneous acid. Ngendlela yeviniga, ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-27 lb zengezwa ekudleni ngo-1986, ngamanani alinganayo asetshenziswa njengama-acidulants nama-flavoring agents. Eqinisweni, i-acetic acid (njengeviniga) yayingenye yezinto zokuqala zokunambitha. Uviniga usetshenziswa kakhulu ekulungiseni isaladi yokugqoka kanye nemayonnaise, amakhukhamba amuncu namnandi namasoso amaningi nama-catsups. Zibuye zisetshenziswe ekwelapheni inyama nasekufakweni kwemifino ethile. Ekwenzeni imayonnaise, ukwengezwa kwengxenye ye-acetic acid (uviniga) kusawoti- noma ushukela-isikhupha kunciphisa ukumelana nokushisa kweSalmonella. Izingoma ezibopha amanzi zamasoseji ngokuvamile zihlanganisa i-acetic acid noma usawoti wayo we-sodium, kuyilapho i-calcium acetate isetshenziselwa ukulondoloza ukuthungwa kwemifino ekheniwe.

Isicelo:

1.Isetshenziswa ekuhlanganiseni odayi noyinki.

2. Isetshenziswa ekuhlanganiseni amakha.

3. Isetshenziswa embonini yenjoloba neyepulasitiki. Isetshenziswa njenge-solvent kanye nezinto zokuqala kuma-polymers amaningi abalulekile (njenge-PVA, i-PET, njll.) ezimbonini zenjoloba nezepulasitiki.

4. Isetshenziswa njengesiqalo sopende kanye nezingxenye zokunamathela

5. Isetshenziswa embonini yokucubungula ukudla njengesengezo kushizi namasoso nanjengesilondolozi sokudla.

I-acetic acid - Ukuphepha

I-Oral LD50 yamagundane: 3530mg/kg; percutaneous LDso onogwaja: 1060mg/kg; ukuhogela i-thLC50 yamagundane: 13791mg/m3. okudlayo. Ukuhogela kwalo mkhiqizo umhwamuko kuyacasula ikhala, umphimbo kanye nomgudu wokuphefumula. Okucasula kakhulu emehlweni. Ukuvikelwa, hlambulula ngamanzi agelezayo. Akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukuxuba ne-oxidizer, i-alkali, amakhemikhali adliwayo, njll. Gcina endaweni yokugcina impahla epholile, enomoya. Gcina kude nomlilo nemithombo yokushisa. Gcina isitsha sivaliwe. Gcina ngokuhlukana nama-oxidizer nama-alkali.